Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland.
Department of Biostructure, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland.
BMC Geriatr. 2021 Sep 9;21(1):491. doi: 10.1186/s12877-021-02421-5.
Aging is a progressive and irreversible process that negatively affects the quality of life (QOL). Older adults face difficulties related to worsening health, lowering the level of physical and mental efficiency. We aimed to analyze the associations between physical fitness and QOL in Polish older adults considering sex differences.
This cross-sectional study was performed from March to August 2015. The sample consisted of 100 community-dwelling adults (67 women, 33 men) with a mean age of 82.94 ± 2.67 years. The World Health Organization QOL, Short Form questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), and the Fullerton Functional Fitness Test (FFFT) were used. Biometric data, social and environmental situation, nutritional and lifestyle behaviors have been also collected using a questionnaire designed by the authors.
The results obtained in individual domains of WHOWOL-BREF indicate a good level of QOL in all the examined domains. Statistically significant sex differences were obtained in physical (p = 0.01), psychological (p = 0.04) and environmental (p = 0.02) domains in WHOQOL-BREF. It was noted that men perform better in terms of the upper (arm curl, p < 0.001) and lower body strength (chair stand, p = 0.01), aerobic endurance (two-minute step test, p < 0.001), agility and dynamic balance (up and go test, p < 0.001) in FFFT.
Community-dwelling older adults aged 80-93 years in Poland present a good level of QOL, and the higher score was obtained in men. Also, men presented better physical fitness, showed a higher level of independence in daily activities, and assessed better their own QOL than women.
衰老（Aging）是一个渐进且不可逆转的过程，会对生活质量（Quality of Life，QOL）产生负面影响。老年人面临着健康状况恶化、身体和精神效率降低等问题。本研究旨在分析波兰老年人的身体素质与生活质量之间的关系，并考虑到性别差异。
这是一项横断面研究，于 2015 年 3 月至 8 月进行。样本包括 100 名居住在社区的成年人（67 名女性，33 名男性），平均年龄为 82.94±2.67 岁。使用世界卫生组织生活质量简表（World Health Organization Quality of Life，Short Form questionnaire，WHOQOL-BREF）和富尔顿功能性体能测试（Fullerton Functional Fitness Test，FFFT）进行评估。还使用作者设计的问卷收集了生物统计学数据、社会和环境状况、营养和生活方式行为等信息。
在 WHOQOL-BREF 的各个领域中，个体获得的结果表明，所有被检查领域的生活质量均处于良好水平。在 WHOQOL-BREF 的身体（p=0.01）、心理（p=0.04）和环境（p=0.02）领域中，男女之间存在统计学显著差异。值得注意的是，在 FFFT 中，男性在上肢力量（手臂卷曲，p<0.001）和下肢力量（坐站，p=0.01）、有氧耐力（两分钟踏步测试，p<0.001）、敏捷性和动态平衡（起立行走测试，p<0.001）方面表现更好。
80-93 岁居住在波兰的社区老年人生活质量良好，且男性的得分更高。此外，男性身体素质更好，日常生活活动的独立性更高，对自身生活质量的评价也优于女性。
