Faculty of Physical Culture and Health, Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-521 Szczecin, Poland.
Faculty of Tourism and Health Sciences, The Jacob of Paradies University, 66-400 Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 5;17(5):1699. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17051699.
In this study, functional fitness is defined as the level of independence and self-sufficiency of an elderly person, which facilitates leading an independent life, without the need for assistance from other people. A decrease in functional fitness among older adults is influenced by a variety of factors. In addition to changes occurring in the human body in accordance with the laws of ontogenetic development, they can also be analyzed in terms of somatic parameters and the age of the subjects. The aim of this research was to find the factors differentiating the level of functional fitness of older adults. It involved 509 people divided into a group of people involved in regular physical activity and an inactive group. The Fullerton Functional Fitness Test was used to measure the level of physical fitness, and anthropometric measurements (body weight and height) were also performed. The level of functional fitness of Polish seniors was compared with the American standards established by R. E. Rikli and C. J. Jones. The results of our research confirm a higher level of functional fitness in active older adults, both women and men. In this group, BMI-(Body Mass Index is a measure of body fat based on height and weight) showed a greater correlation with shoulder girdle and back muscles strength, complex coordination, balance, agility, and endurance in women than in men. Finally, the surveyed Polish seniors exhibited a higher level of functional fitness than their American peers.
在这项研究中，功能性体能被定义为老年人的独立和自给自足水平，这有助于他们独立生活，无需他人的帮助。老年人功能性体能的下降受到多种因素的影响。除了人体根据个体发育发展规律发生的变化外，还可以从体成分参数和受试者年龄的角度进行分析。本研究的目的是找到区分老年人功能性体能水平的因素。它涉及 509 人，分为定期参加体育活动的组和不活跃组。使用 Fullerton 功能性体能测试来衡量体能水平，同时还进行了人体测量（体重和身高）。波兰老年人的功能性体能水平与 R. E. Rikli 和 C. J. Jones 制定的美国标准进行了比较。我们的研究结果证实，活跃的老年人，无论男女，其功能性体能水平都更高。在这个群体中，BMI（身体质量指数是一种基于身高和体重的身体脂肪衡量标准）显示出与女性肩部和背部肌肉力量、复杂协调性、平衡、敏捷性和耐力的相关性更强，而与男性的相关性较弱。最后，调查的波兰老年人的功能性体能水平高于他们的美国同龄人。
