Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ottawa University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Environ Res. 2022 Mar;204(Pt B):112022. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112022. Epub 2021 Sep 8.
While exposure of birds to oil-related contaminants has been documented, the related adverse effects this exposure has on Arctic marine birds remain unexplored. Metabolomics can play an important role to explore biologically relevant metabolite biomarkers in relation to different stressors, even at benchmark levels of contamination. The aim of this study was to characterize the metabolomics profiles in relation to polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and trace elements in the liver of two seabird species in the Canadian Arctic. In July 2018, black guillemots (Cepphus grylle) and thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia) were collected by hunters from a region where natural oil seeps occur in the seabed near Qikiqtarjuaq, Nunavut, Canada. A total of 121 metabolites were identified in liver tissue samples using reversed phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry platforms to detect non-polar and polar metabolites, respectively. Sixty-nine metabolites showed excellent repeatability and linearity and were used to examine possible effects of oil-related contaminants exposure (PACs and trace elements). Metabolites including 3-hydroxy anthranilic acid, adenine, adenosine, adenosine mono-phosphate, ascorbic acid, butyrylcarnitine, cholic acid, guanosine, guanosine mono-phosphate, inosine, norepinephrine and threonine showed significant differences (more than two fold) between the two species. Elevated adenine and adenosine, along with decreased reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio, highlighted the potential for oxidative stress in murres. Lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity assays also confirmed these metabolomic findings. These results will help to characterize the baseline metabolomic profiles of Arctic seabird species with different foraging behaviour and trace element burden.
虽然已经有文献记录了鸟类接触与石油相关的污染物，但这种接触对北极海洋鸟类的相关不良影响仍未得到探索。代谢组学可以在探索与不同应激源相关的生物相关代谢生物标志物方面发挥重要作用，即使在污染基准水平下也是如此。本研究的目的是描述与多环芳烃（PACs）和痕量元素相关的代谢组学特征在加拿大北极两种海鸟肝脏中的特征。2018 年 7 月，在努纳武特地区的基蒂克美克附近的海底自然石油渗出处，猎人们从当地收集了黑海鸥（Cepphus grylle）和厚嘴海鸠（Uria lomvia）。使用反相和亲水相互作用液相色谱与高分辨率质谱平台，在肝脏组织样本中鉴定出 121 种代谢物，分别检测非极性和极性代谢物。69 种代谢物表现出良好的重复性和线性度，用于研究与石油相关的污染物暴露（PACs 和痕量元素）的可能影响。包括 3-羟基邻氨基苯甲酸、腺嘌呤、腺苷、单磷酸腺苷、抗坏血酸、丁酰肉碱、胆酸、鸟嘌呤、鸟苷单磷酸、次黄嘌呤、去甲肾上腺素和苏氨酸在内的代谢物在两种物种之间表现出显著差异（两倍以上）。腺嘌呤和腺苷的升高，以及还原/氧化谷胱甘肽比例的降低，突出了海鸠中氧化应激的潜在可能性。脂质过氧化和超氧化物歧化酶活性测定也证实了这些代谢组学发现。这些结果将有助于描述具有不同觅食行为和痕量元素负担的北极海鸟物种的基线代谢组学特征。
