Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
Vascul Pharmacol. 2021 Dec;141:106905. doi: 10.1016/j.vph.2021.106905. Epub 2021 Sep 20.
Reconstruction of the vasculature of intact tissues/organs down to the capillary level is essential for understanding the development and remodeling of vascular networks under physiological and pathological conditions. Optical imaging techniques can provide sufficient resolution to distinguish small vessels with several microns, but the imaging depth is somewhat limited due to the high light scattering of opaque tissue. Recently, various tissue optical clearing methods have been developed to overcome light attenuation and improve the imaging depth both for ex-vivo and in-vivo visualizations. Tissue clearing combined with vessel labeling techniques and advanced optical tomography enables successful mapping of the vasculature of different tissues/organs, as well as dynamically monitoring vessel function under normal and pathological conditions. Here, we briefly introduce the commonly-used labeling strategies for entire vascular networks, the current tissue optical clearing techniques available for various tissues, as well as the advanced optical imaging techniques for fast, high-resolution structural and functional imaging for blood vessels. We also discuss the applications of these techniques in the 3D visualization of vascular networks in normal tissues, and the vascular remodeling in several typical pathological models in clinical research. This review is expected to provide valuable insights for researchers to study the potential mechanisms of various vessel-associated diseases using tissue optical clearing pipeline.
重建完整组织/器官的脉管系统，直至毛细血管水平，对于理解生理和病理条件下血管网络的发育和重塑至关重要。光学成像技术可以提供足够的分辨率来区分具有数微米的小血管，但由于不透明组织的高光散射，成像深度有些受限。最近，已经开发出各种组织光学透明化方法，以克服光衰减并提高离体和体内可视化的成像深度。组织透明化与血管标记技术和先进的光学层析成像相结合，能够成功绘制不同组织/器官的脉管系统，并在正常和病理条件下动态监测血管功能。在这里，我们简要介绍了用于整个血管网络的常用标记策略、适用于各种组织的当前组织光学透明化技术，以及用于快速、高分辨率结构和功能血管成像的先进光学成像技术。我们还讨论了这些技术在正常组织中血管网络的 3D 可视化以及临床研究中几种典型病理模型中的血管重塑中的应用。本文的综述预期为研究人员提供有价值的见解，以使用组织光学透明化技术研究与各种血管相关疾病的潜在机制。
