意料之外失业后生育结局：匹配同胞设计。
Birth outcomes following unexpected job loss: a matched-sibling design.
机构信息
Minnesota Population Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Department of Technology, Management, and Economics, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
出版信息
Int J Epidemiol. 2022 Jun 13;51(3):858-869. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyab180.
BACKGROUND
Research documents social and economic antecedents of adverse birth outcomes, which may include involuntary job loss. Previous work on job loss and adverse birth outcomes, however, lacks high-quality individual data on, and variation in, plausibly exogenous job loss during pregnancy and therefore cannot rule out strong confounding.
METHODS
We analysed unique linked registries in Denmark, from 1980 to 2017, to examine whether a father's involuntary job loss during his spouse's pregnancy increases the risk of a low-weight (i.e. <2500 grams) and/or preterm (i.e. <37 weeks of gestational age) birth. We applied a matched-sibling design to 743 574 sibling pairs.
RESULTS
Results indicate an increased risk of a low-weight birth among infants exposed in utero to fathers' unexpected job loss [odds ratio (OR) = 1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07, 1.75]. Sex-specific analyses show that this result holds for males (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.14, 2.53) but not females (OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 0.80, 1.91). We find no relation with preterm birth.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings support the inference that a father's unexpected job loss adversely affects the course of pregnancy, especially among males exposed in utero.
背景
研究文献探讨了不良生育结局的社会和经济前因，其中可能包括非自愿失业。然而，先前关于失业和不良生育结局的研究缺乏孕妇怀孕期间外生的、有变化的高质量个人失业数据，因此不能排除强混杂因素的影响。
方法
我们分析了丹麦独特的关联登记数据，时间范围为 1980 年至 2017 年，以检验父亲在配偶怀孕期间非自愿失业是否会增加低体重（即<2500 克）和/或早产（即<37 周妊娠龄）的风险。我们对 743574 对同胞进行了匹配的兄弟姐妹设计分析。
结果
结果表明，与未暴露于父亲意外失业的婴儿相比，暴露于父亲意外失业的婴儿发生低体重出生的风险增加（比值比 [OR] = 1.37，95%置信区间 [CI]：1.07，1.75）。性别特异性分析表明，这一结果适用于男性（OR = 1.70，95% CI：1.14，2.53），但不适用于女性（OR = 1.24，95% CI：0.80，1.91）。我们没有发现与早产有关的关系。
结论
研究结果支持这样的推断，即父亲的意外失业会对妊娠过程产生不利影响，特别是对在子宫内暴露的男性。
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