Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Disciplina de Gastroenterologia Pediátrica, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2022 May-Jun;98(3):241-247. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2021.06.009. Epub 2021 Sep 9.
To describe the type of milk used to feed infants seen in private pediatric practices in Brazil. To evaluate the relationship between breastfeeding, type of delivery, and history of prematurity.
This is a cross-sectional and observational study that included 4929 infants in the first year of life seen in private pediatric practices in the five geographic regions of Brazil. Mothers provided information about the type of milk used by their infant, the type of delivery (vaginal or cesarean), and whether the birth was premature.
Breastfeeding was the only source of milk for 56.1% (1546/2755) of infants in the first six months of life and 32.9% (716/2174) in the second. Of the infants who received other types of milk besides breastfeeding, there was a predominance of infant formula in 98.6% and 93.8% of the infants, respectively, in the first and in the second six months of life. Whole cow's milk was used by 0.7% (20/2755) of infants in the first six months and by 4.1% (90/2174) of infants in the second (p < 0.001). In the first six months of life, breastfeeding as the only type of milk was associated with vaginal delivery (OR = 1.79; p < 0.001) and not having a history of prematurity (OR = 2.48; p < 0.001).
Breastfeeding was the only milk source for more than half of infants before 180 days of life. Birth by cesarean section and history of prematurity were negatively associated with breastfeeding as the only source of milk used in infant feeding.
描述巴西私人儿科诊所中喂养婴儿所使用的奶品类型。评估母乳喂养、分娩方式和早产史之间的关系。
这是一项横断面观察性研究，共纳入巴西五个地理区域的 4929 名 1 岁以下婴儿。母亲们提供了婴儿所食用的奶品类型、分娩方式（阴道分娩或剖宫产）以及出生时是否早产的信息。
在生命的前 6 个月，56.1%（1546/2755）的婴儿仅接受母乳喂养，而在第 2 个 6 个月，这一比例为 32.9%（716/2174）。在接受母乳喂养以外的其他类型奶品的婴儿中，配方奶分别占 98.6%和 93.8%，而在第 1 和第 2 个 6 个月中，分别有 0.7%（20/2755）和 4.1%（90/2174）的婴儿接受全牛奶。在第 1 个 6 个月中，仅母乳喂养与阴道分娩（OR=1.79；p<0.001）和无早产史（OR=2.48；p<0.001）相关。
在 180 天内，超过一半的婴儿仅接受母乳喂养。剖宫产分娩和早产史与母乳喂养作为婴儿喂养的唯一来源呈负相关。
