Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Hum Mov Sci. 2021 Dec;80:102868. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2021.102868. Epub 2021 Sep 9.
Eye-hand coordination is required to accurately perform daily activities that involve reaching, grasping and manipulating objects. Studies using aiming, grasping or sequencing tasks have shown a stereotypical temporal coupling pattern where the eyes are directed to the object in advance of the hand movement, which may facilitate the planning and execution required for reaching. While the temporal coordination between the ocular and manual systems has been extensively investigated in adults, relatively little is known about the typical development of eye-hand coordination. Therefore, the current study addressed an important knowledge gap by characterizing the profile of eye-hand coupling in typically developing school-age children (n = 57) and in a cohort of adults (n = 30). Eye and hand movements were recorded concurrently during the performance of a bead threading task which consists of four distinct movements: reach to bead, grasp, reach to needle, and thread. Results showed a moderate to high correlation between eye and hand latencies in children and adults, supporting that both movements were planned in parallel. Eye and reach latencies, latency differences, and dwell time during grasping and threading, showed significant age-related differences, suggesting eye-hand coupling becomes more efficient in adolescence. Furthermore, visual acuity, stereoacuity and accommodative facility were also found to be associated with the efficiency of eye-hand coordination in children. Results from this study can serve as reference values when examining eye and hand movement during the performance of fine motor skills in children with neurodevelopmental disorders.
眼手协调对于准确完成涉及伸手、抓握和操纵物体的日常活动至关重要。使用瞄准、抓握或排序任务的研究表明，存在一种典型的时间耦合模式，即眼睛在手部运动之前先指向物体，这可能有助于为伸手运动进行规划和执行。虽然眼部和手部系统之间的时间协调在成年人中已经得到广泛研究，但对于眼手协调的典型发展相对知之甚少。因此，当前的研究通过描述典型发育的学龄儿童（n=57）和成人队列（n=30）中的眼手耦合特征来填补这一重要知识空白。在进行珠串任务时同时记录眼睛和手部运动，该任务由四个不同的动作组成：伸手取珠子、抓握、伸手取针和穿线。结果表明，儿童和成人的眼睛和手部潜伏期之间存在中度到高度相关性，这表明两种运动都是并行规划的。眼睛和伸手的潜伏期、潜伏期差异以及抓握和穿线时的停留时间都显示出与年龄相关的显著差异，表明眼手协调在青春期变得更加高效。此外，还发现视力、立体视锐度和调节能力与儿童眼手协调效率相关。本研究的结果可以作为在检查神经发育障碍儿童执行精细运动技能时眼动和手动的参考值。
