Heart Failure and Heart Transplant Unit, Cardiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Xubias 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; Instituto Investigación Biomedica A Coruña (INIBIC); Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV); Universidade da Coruña (UDC).
Heart Failure and Heart Transplant Unit, Cardiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Xubias 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; Instituto Investigación Biomedica A Coruña (INIBIC); Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV). Electronic address: https://twitter.com/eduardo_barge.
Heart Fail Clin. 2021 Oct;17(4):533-545. doi: 10.1016/j.hfc.2021.06.002. Epub 2021 Jul 15.
Advanced heart failure (HF) is characterized by a progressive worsening of symptoms disabling for daily life, refractory to all therapies, and with high mortality. These patients may be candidates for life-prolonging therapies, such as heart transplantation (HT) or long-term (LT) mechanical circulatory support (MCS) or must just require palliative therapies. The 1-year survival after HT and/or LT-MCS is approaching 80% to 90%, being patient selection and timely referral to advanced HF centers critical for optimal outcomes. There is no single symptom, sign, or test that can identify these patients and different classifications are complementary and helpful for clinical decision-making.
晚期心力衰竭（HF）的特征是症状逐渐恶化，使日常生活无法自理，对所有治疗均无反应，且死亡率高。这些患者可能是生命延长治疗（如心脏移植[HT]或长期[LT]机械循环支持[MCS]）的候选者，或者仅需要姑息治疗。HT 和/或 LT-MCS 后 1 年的生存率接近 80%至 90%，患者选择和及时转诊至高级 HF 中心对于获得最佳结果至关重要。没有单一的症状、体征或检查可以识别这些患者，不同的分类方法相互补充，有助于临床决策。
