Psychology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2021 Dec;51(6):1045-1054. doi: 10.1111/sltb.12758. Epub 2021 Sep 12.
Over the decades suicidology has experienced many challenges and changes. Language, culture, gender, and intersectionalities of experience have been domains of challenge and change. In this article I document my contributions to suicidology's transformation in these domains. These contributions include challenging stigmatizing and biased suicide-language (e.g., expressions like "successful" and "failed" suicide); questioning gender myths of suicidal behaviors (e.g., the myth that women and men are opposites in terms of suicide motives); the gender-paradox-of-suicide idea; and suicide-scripts theory and research. I then describe the evolution of suicide-scripts theory. Suicide-scripts theory builds on evidence that in each culture there are unique situations when suicidal behavior is expected from specific people, using specific methods, and with specific social consequences. The theory posits that these scripts contribute to variations in suicidality across cultures, and within cultures, across sociodemographic groups, intersectionally. Studies using a diversity of methodologies and focusing on a diversity of sociodemographic groups and cultures point to the role of suicide scripts in suicidality. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications, for suicide prevention, of suicide-scripts theory and evidence.
几十年来，自杀学经历了许多挑战和变革。语言、文化、性别以及经验的交叉领域一直是挑战和变革的领域。在本文中，我记录了我在这些领域对自杀学变革的贡献。这些贡献包括挑战污名化和有偏见的自杀语言（例如，像“成功”和“失败”自杀这样的表述）；质疑自杀行为的性别神话（例如，女性和男性在自杀动机方面是对立的神话）；自杀脚本理论和研究中的性别悖论思想。然后，我描述了自杀脚本理论的演变。自杀脚本理论基于这样的证据：在每种文化中，都有特定的情境，特定的人会以特定的方式，用特定的方法，产生特定的社会后果，而这些情况会导致自杀行为。该理论假设这些脚本有助于跨文化和文化内的自杀性差异，也有助于不同社会人口群体的差异。使用多种方法学并关注多种社会人口群体和文化的研究指出了自杀脚本在自杀性中的作用。文章最后讨论了自杀脚本理论和证据对自杀预防的意义。
