J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2021 Oct 1;259(7):764-776. doi: 10.2460/javma.259.7.764.
To determine epidemiological features of cardiovascular disease in rabbits examined at a veterinary teaching hospital and characterize clinical and pathological findings.
59 rabbits.
Medical records from 2001 to 2018 were reviewed, and data were collected. Echocardiographic images and histologic diagnoses were reviewed.
The prevalence of cardiovascular disease was 2.6% (59/2,249). Clinical signs related to cardiac disease included heart murmur (n = 25 rabbits), arrhythmia (22), tachypnea or dyspnea (13), hyporexia or anorexia (13), and muscle wasting (9). Radiographic (n = 39) abnormalities included cardiomegaly (19) and peritoneal (12) and pleural (11) effusion. Common echocardiographic (n = 37) diagnoses included degenerative valve disease (15), dilated cardiomyopathy (7), unclassified cardiomyopathy (4), restrictive cardiomyopathy (3), and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (2). On ECG (n = 19), supraventricular arrhythmias (16) were more common than ventricular arrhythmias (12). Thirty-five necropsy reports were available, and diagnoses included cardiomyopathy (n = 14), myocarditis (10), and arteriosclerosis (9). Medical management (n = 20) included a wide range of drugs and dosages with few adverse effects. Survival times (n = 36 rabbits) ranged from 1 to 2,353 days with a median cardiac disease-specific survival time of 306 days.
The findings provided information on the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in rabbits and survival times for affected rabbits. Right-sided, left-sided, and biventricular congestive heart failure occurred equally. Median survival time was lower than that reported for other species. Further research on the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease in rabbits is needed.
确定在一家兽医教学医院检查的兔子的心血管疾病的流行病学特征，并描述临床和病理学发现。
59 只兔子。
回顾了 2001 年至 2018 年的病历记录，并收集了数据。回顾了超声心动图图像和组织学诊断。
心血管疾病的患病率为 2.6%（59/2249）。与心脏疾病相关的临床症状包括心杂音（25 只兔子）、心律失常（22 只）、呼吸急促或呼吸困难（13 只）、食欲不振或厌食（13 只）和肌肉消瘦（9 只）。放射学（39 只）异常包括心脏增大（19 只）、腹膜（12 只）和胸腔（11 只）积液。常见的超声心动图（37 只）诊断包括退行性瓣膜病（15 只）、扩张型心肌病（7 只）、未分类心肌病（4 只）、限制型心肌病（3 只）和肥厚型心肌病（2 只）。在心电图（19 只）上，室上性心律失常（16 只）比室性心律失常（12 只）更常见。有 35 份尸检报告，诊断包括心肌病（14 只）、心肌炎（10 只）和动脉硬化（9 只）。药物治疗（20 只）包括广泛的药物和剂量，副作用很少。存活时间（36 只兔子）从 1 天到 2353 天不等，心脏疾病特异性存活时间中位数为 306 天。
这些发现提供了有关兔子心血管疾病的患病率和受影响兔子的存活时间的信息。右心、左心和全心充血性心力衰竭的发生率相等。中位存活时间低于其他物种的报告。需要进一步研究兔子心血管疾病的诊断和治疗。
