Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, San Bernardino Branch, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
J Vet Diagn Invest. 2024 Sep;36(5):677-694. doi: 10.1177/10406387241262021. Epub 2024 Aug 5.
Domestic rabbits () are commonly kept as pets or bred for laboratory investigation, meat, fur production, or a combination of these purposes. We conducted a retrospective study to assess the prevalence of diseases in domestic rabbits according to purpose. We retrieved results of autopsies, biopsies, and cytologies from 2,583 cases received at 4 diagnostic laboratories in California from 2013-2022. Rabbits were classified as pets (2,241; 86.8%), laboratory animals (92; 3.6%), meat-production animals (60; 2.3%), or multipurpose animals (190; 7.4%). A final diagnosis was reached in 2,360 (91.4%) cases and was classified by system, etiology, and type of process. Pet rabbits had the highest median age (5.9 y; vs. 3 y, 0.67 y, and 0.25 y in meat, multipurpose, and laboratory rabbits, respectively), and most of the neoplasms were diagnosed in this group (872 of the total 896 neoplasms in the study; 97.3%), with tumors of the skin, female reproductive tract, and hematolymphoid system being the most common. Laboratory rabbits had a high prevalence of infectious enterotyphlocolitis (40 of 92; 43.4%), and ~45% of those cases were due to opportunistic colibacillosis. Infectious and parasitic pneumonias were common in meat rabbits (18 of 60; 30%); pneumonic pasteurellosis accounted for >60% of those cases. Infectious cholangiohepatitides were common in multipurpose rabbits (61 of 110; 55.5%), with rabbit hemorrhagic disease representing the most common etiology (82.4% of those cases). Our results demonstrate that purpose of use can predict prevalence of disease in rabbits submitted to diagnostic laboratories.
家兔通常作为宠物饲养或用于实验室研究、肉类生产、毛皮生产或这些目的的组合。我们进行了一项回顾性研究，根据用途评估家兔疾病的流行情况。我们从 2013 年至 2022 年加利福尼亚州的 4 个诊断实验室检索了 2583 例尸检、活检和细胞学检查结果。根据用途将家兔分为宠物（2241 只，占 86.8%）、实验动物（92 只，占 3.6%）、肉用动物（60 只，占 2.3%）和多用动物（190 只，占 7.4%）。2360 例（91.4%）病例得出明确诊断，并按系统、病因和病变类型进行分类。宠物兔的中位年龄最高（5.9 岁；肉兔、多用兔和实验兔的中位年龄分别为 0.67 岁、0.25 岁和 3 岁），且大多数肿瘤也发生在该组（872 例研究中总共 896 例肿瘤；97.3%），最常见的肿瘤为皮肤、女性生殖道和血液淋巴系统肿瘤。实验兔的传染性肠-肠-结肠炎发病率较高（92 例中的 40 例；43.4%），其中约 45%是由机会性大肠杆菌病引起的。传染性和寄生虫性肺炎在肉兔中很常见（60 例中的 18 例；30%）；肺炎巴氏杆菌病占这些病例的 60%以上。传染性胆管肝炎在多用兔中很常见（110 例中的 61 例；55.5%），其中兔出血症是最常见的病因（占这些病例的 82.4%）。我们的研究结果表明，用途可以预测送交诊断实验室的家兔疾病的流行情况。
