Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
J Occup Health. 2021 Jan;63(1):e12273. doi: 10.1002/1348-9585.12273.
It is unclear how many workplace COVID-19 preventive measures were maintained during repeated outbreaks. The aim of this study was to investigate a longitudinal change of implementation of workplace preventive measures responding to COVID-19 in Japan.
An online longitudinal study was conducted using a cohort of full-time employees in Japan, starting in March 2020 (T1), with follow-up surveys in May (T2), August (T3), and November (T4) 2020. A repeated measures analysis of variance was performed to compare the difference among the four surveys in the mean number of 23 predetermined items of the measures implemented.
The final sample comprised 800 employees. The mean number of the implemented measures increased from T1 to T2, but did not change from T2 to T3, then decreased from T3 to T4. The number of workplace preventive measures significantly increased from T1 to T2 for 21 items (P < .001), and significantly decreased from T3 to T4 for 14 items (P < .001 to P = .005).
While the preventive measures responding to COVID-19 in the workplace were well-implemented during the earlier phase of the outbreak, they seem to have been relaxed after a huge outbreak (T3 to T4: August to November 2020). Workplaces should be encouraged to continue the preventive measures over repeated outbreaks.
目前尚不清楚在反复爆发期间有多少针对新冠疫情的工作场所预防措施得到了维持。本研究旨在调查日本在应对新冠疫情期间，工作场所预防措施实施情况的纵向变化。
采用 2020 年 3 月（T1 期）开始的日本全职员工队列的在线纵向研究，在 2020 年 5 月（T2 期）、8 月（T3 期）和 11 月（T4 期）进行随访调查。采用重复测量方差分析比较了四个调查中 23 项预定措施实施情况的平均值之间的差异。
最终样本包括 800 名员工。实施措施的平均数量从 T1 期增加到 T2 期，但从 T2 期到 T3 期没有变化，然后从 T3 期到 T4 期减少。从 T1 期到 T2 期，21 项措施的工作场所预防措施数量显著增加（P<0.001），从 T3 期到 T4 期，14 项措施的数量显著减少（P<0.001 至 P=0.005）。
尽管在疫情爆发早期，工作场所针对新冠疫情的预防措施得到了很好的实施，但在疫情大规模爆发后（T3 期至 T4 期：2020 年 8 月至 11 月），这些措施似乎有所放松。应鼓励工作场所在反复爆发期间继续采取预防措施。
