Neisseria Research Group, Molecular Microbiology, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2021 Oct;20(10):1235-1256. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1981865. Epub 2021 Oct 1.
Species of the genus are important global pathogens. (gonococcus) causes the sexually transmitted disease gonorrhea and (meningococcus) causes meningitis and sepsis. Liposomes are self-assembled spheres of phospholipid bilayers enclosing a central aqueous space, and they have attracted much interest and use as a delivery vehicle for vaccine antigens.
A brief background on infections and the success of licensed meningococcal vaccines are provided. The absence of a gonococcal vaccine is highlighted. The use of liposomes for delivering antigens and adjuvants, for the purposes of generating specific immune responses, is reviewed. The use of other lipid-based systems for antigen and adjuvant delivery is examined briefly.
With renewed interest in developing a gonococcal vaccine, liposomes remain an attractive option for delivering antigens. The discipline of nanotechnology provides additional nanoparticle-based options for gonococcal vaccine development. Future work would be needed to tailor the composition of liposomes and other nanoparticles to the specific vaccine antigen(s), in order to generate optimal anti-gonococcal immune responses. The potential use of liposomes and other nanoparticles to deliver anti-gonococcal compounds to treat infections also should be explored further.
属的物种是重要的全球病原体。（淋球菌）引起性传播疾病淋病，（脑膜炎球菌）引起脑膜炎和败血症。脂质体是由磷脂双层自组装成的球体，其中包含一个中心水相空间，它们作为疫苗抗原的递送载体引起了广泛的关注和应用。
简要介绍了感染情况以及已获得许可的脑膜炎球菌疫苗的成功。突出了淋球菌疫苗的缺乏。综述了脂质体用于传递抗原和佐剂以产生特异性免疫反应的用途。简要检查了其他基于脂质的系统用于抗原和佐剂传递的用途。
随着对开发淋球菌疫苗的兴趣重新燃起，脂质体仍然是传递抗原的一种有吸引力的选择。纳米技术领域为淋球菌疫苗的开发提供了额外的基于纳米颗粒的选择。未来需要对脂质体和其他纳米颗粒的组成进行调整，以适应特定的疫苗抗原，从而产生最佳的抗淋球菌免疫反应。还应进一步探索脂质体和其他纳米颗粒用于输送抗淋球菌化合物以治疗感染的潜力。
