Oceania University of Medicine, North Rocks, New South Wales, Australia.
Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia; Child Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
Public Health. 2021 Sep;198:348-357. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.07.036. Epub 2021 Sep 13.
Overweight and obesity are known risk factors for diabetes, heart disease, certain cancers and pregnancy-related problems. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and change in prevalence of overweight and obesity among non-pregnant women of reproductive age and relationship with individual- and community-level factors over a decade.
This was a cross-sectional survey with two-stage probability sampling design.
Data sets were pooled from the 2008, 2013 and 2018 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey - a cross-sectional, nationally representative sample of the entire Nigerian population aged 15-49 years. Body mass index (BMI) was used to classify overweight and obesity. Multilevel logistic regression was used to assess associations between overweight (25.0-29.9 kg/m), obesity (≥30.0 kg/m) and individual and community factors.
There were 76,729 non-pregnant women (38.0% in 2008, 44.5% in 2013 vs 17.5% in 2018) with a mean age of 29.0 years and a BMI of 23.0 kg/m across the three survey periods. Overweight and obesity prevalence were 16.0% and 6.2% in 2008, 17.2% and 7.5% in 2013 and 18.1% and 9.9% in 2018, respectively. There was 76% (95% confidence interval: 44% to twofold) increased odds of obesity in 2018 compared with 2008 in adjusted analysis. Older women with at least primary education living in urban areas, ever married and from wealthier households are at a greater odd of being overweight and obese.
Over a decade, overweight and obesity prevalence increased among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Nigeria. There is an urgent need for public health strategies and interventions to improve on deficient knowledge and low awareness about healthy foods and physical activity at individual and community levels especially in urban areas.
超重和肥胖是已知的糖尿病、心脏病、某些癌症和与妊娠相关问题的风险因素。本研究旨在确定过去十年中，育龄期非孕妇超重和肥胖的流行率及其变化，并探讨其与个体和社区层面因素的关系。
这是一项采用两阶段概率抽样设计的横断面调查。
数据来自 2008 年、2013 年和 2018 年尼日利亚人口与健康调查，这是一项针对整个尼日利亚 15-49 岁人群的具有全国代表性的横断面抽样调查。采用体重指数（BMI）来分类超重和肥胖。采用多水平逻辑回归评估超重（25.0-29.9kg/m2）、肥胖（≥30.0kg/m2）与个体和社区因素之间的关联。
共有 76729 名非孕妇（2008 年为 38.0%，2013 年为 44.5%，2018 年为 17.5%），平均年龄为 29.0 岁，BMI 为 23.0kg/m2。在三个调查期间，超重和肥胖的患病率分别为 16.0%和 6.2%、17.2%和 7.5%、18.1%和 9.9%。与 2008 年相比，调整后分析显示，2018 年肥胖的患病风险增加了 76%（95%置信区间：44%至两倍）。在调整分析中，接受过至少小学教育、居住在城市地区、已婚和来自较富裕家庭的老年妇女超重和肥胖的风险更高。
在过去十年中，尼日利亚育龄期非孕妇的超重和肥胖患病率有所增加。迫切需要在个人和社区层面制定公共卫生策略和干预措施，特别是在城市地区，以提高对健康食品和身体活动的知识和认识。
