School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
Automotive Engineering Corporation, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300113, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Dec;28(47):66511-66518. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-16435-4. Epub 2021 Sep 16.
With the increasingly serious pollution of plastics, biodegradable plastics (BDPs) have attracted attention as a new material that can replace conventional plastics in certain applications. The global production of BDPs also gradually increases in recent years. However, unfortunately, with the application of BDPs, some potential problems are gradually exposed. The biodegradability of BDPs needs suitable conditions, which is difficult for the natural environment to reach the necessary conditions. If the degradation conditions are not met, BDPs and conventional plastics are basically the same in terms of the longevity. The biodegradable microplastics (BMPs) can also be formed by BDPs entering the environment. Up to now, the research on the degradation and application of BDPs is relatively common. The environmental and ecological effects of the BMPs, the adsorption and release of toxic substances, and the role of BMPs as vectors of microorganisms, epiphytes, and plants still need to be studied. This paper focuses on the formation mechanism and the environmental behavior of BMPs. The role of BMPs as multiple stronger vectors of microorganisms and pollutants compared to conventional microplastics is also discussed. Systematic research on environmental pollution and ecotoxicology of BMPs should be carried out as soon as possible.
随着塑料污染的日益严重，可生物降解塑料（BDP）作为一种可在某些应用中替代传统塑料的新材料引起了人们的关注。近年来，BDP 的全球产量也逐渐增加。然而，不幸的是，随着 BDP 的应用，一些潜在的问题逐渐暴露出来。BDP 的生物降解性需要合适的条件，而自然环境很难达到必要的条件。如果不满足降解条件，BDP 和传统塑料在耐久性方面基本相同。BDP 进入环境后也会形成可生物降解的微塑料（BMPs）。到目前为止，对 BDP 的降解和应用的研究相对较多。BMPs 的环境和生态影响、有毒物质的吸附和释放，以及 BMPs 作为微生物、附生植物载体的作用仍需要研究。本文重点介绍了 BMPs 的形成机制和环境行为。还讨论了 BMPs 作为比传统微塑料更强的微生物和污染物的多种载体的作用。应尽快对 BMPs 的环境污染和生态毒理学进行系统研究。
