Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria.
Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria.
Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2021 Dec;21(12):1019-1032. doi: 10.1007/s12012-021-09693-8. Epub 2021 Sep 17.
Exhaust fumes from petrol/diesel-powered electric generators contribute significantly to air pollution in many developing countries, constituting health hazards to both humans and animals. This study evaluated the serum concentrations of Troponin I (TnI), C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum levels/activities of oxidative stress markers: catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in dogs experimentally exposed to graded levels of petrol generator exhaust fume (PGEF). Sixteen (16) healthy and adult male Basenji dogs were randomly assigned into four groups (A-D). Group A was the unexposed control while groups B, C and D were exposed to PGEF for 1, 2 and 3 h per day, respectively, for 90 days. Repeated analysis were performed at the baseline, and every thirty days, for a total of 90 days. There was a significant interaction (p < 0.05) between the effects of PGEF exposure level (in h/day) and duration of exposure (in months) on all the tested serum parameters. There was a significant main effect (p < 0.05) for PGEF exposure level on the serum parameters. As the level of PGEF exposure was increased, the serum concentrations of TnI, CRP, CAT, MDA and NO increased, GSH decreased, whereas SOD activity increased by day 30 but declined at the end. Moreover, there was a significant simple main effect (p < 0.05) for duration of PGEF exposure. All the parameters increased as the duration of PGEF exposure was increased to 90 days except GSH concentration which decreased, whereas SOD activity increased initially but declined at the end of the study. Thus, there was increased serum concentrations of TnI, CRP and increased oxidative stress in the PGEF-exposed dogs. These findings are instructive and could be grounds for further studies on air pollutants-induced cardiovascular disease given the widespread use of electricity generators in many low-resource countries.
汽油/柴油动力发电机排出的废气对许多发展中国家的空气污染有重大影响，对人类和动物的健康构成危害。本研究评估了实验暴露于不同浓度汽油发电机废气（PGEF）的犬血清肌钙蛋白 I（TnI）、C 反应蛋白（CRP）和氧化应激标志物血清水平/活性：过氧化氢酶（CAT）、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）、丙二醛（MDA）、一氧化氮（NO）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）。16 只健康成年雄性贝生吉犬被随机分为四组（A-D）。A 组为未暴露对照组，而 B、C 和 D 组分别每天暴露于 PGEF 1、2 和 3 小时，持续 90 天。在基线和 90 天内每隔 30 天进行重复分析。PGEF 暴露水平（小时/天）和暴露时间（月）对所有测试血清参数的影响存在显著交互作用（p<0.05）。PGEF 暴露水平对血清参数有显著的主要影响（p<0.05）。随着 PGEF 暴露水平的增加，血清 TnI、CRP、CAT、MDA 和 NO 浓度增加，GSH 减少，而 SOD 活性在第 30 天增加，但在研究结束时下降。此外，PGEF 暴露时间有显著的简单主要效应（p<0.05）。随着 PGEF 暴露时间增加到 90 天，所有参数均增加，除 GSH 浓度降低外，SOD 活性最初增加，但在研究结束时下降。因此，暴露于 PGEF 的犬血清 TnI、CRP 浓度增加，氧化应激增加。鉴于许多资源匮乏国家广泛使用发电机，这些发现具有指导意义，并可能为进一步研究空气污染物引起的心血管疾病提供依据。
