Department of Microbiology, Niger Delta University, Nigeria.
Department of Microbiology, Niger Delta University, Nigeria.
Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2021 Oct;60:360-365. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2021.08.002. Epub 2021 Sep 16.
The largest, longest, and deadliest ever-recorded outbreak of Ebola virus disease in human history occurred in West Africa from December 2013 to March 2016 causing 28,652 infections resulting in 11,325 deaths in 10 countries with 99% of the fatality occurred in neighboring Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia. This was the first time the virus outbreak occurred outside its niche in East and Central Africa. This study identified some of the factors that complicated the outbreak, which include delay in the identification of the pathogen, weak health systems, unavailability of licensed drugs or vaccines for the disease, delay in global responses, and cultural practices. Responses were mostly limited to testing, barrier nursing, and treatment of complications. Experimental drugs and vaccines were deployed on compassionate grounds, few have been further developed, trialed, and licensed. It is therefore expected that the current outbreak of Ebola virus disease in Guinea will be better managed.
有史以来最大、最长、最致命的埃博拉病毒病疫情于 2013 年 12 月至 2016 年 3 月在西非爆发，导致 10 个国家发生 28652 例感染，11325 例死亡，病死率为 99%，其中 99%的死亡病例发生在邻国几内亚、塞拉利昂和利比里亚。这是该病毒首次在东非和中非以外的地方爆发。本研究确定了一些使疫情复杂化的因素，包括病原体的识别延迟、卫生系统薄弱、缺乏针对该疾病的许可药物或疫苗、全球应对措施的延迟以及文化习俗。应对措施主要限于检测、隔离护理和治疗并发症。实验性药物和疫苗出于同情而部署，其中很少有进一步开发、试验和许可。因此，预计几内亚目前的埃博拉病毒病疫情将得到更好的控制。
