Corgenix Inc., Broomfield, Colorado 80020.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112; email:
Annu Rev Virol. 2016 Sep 29;3(1):147-171. doi: 10.1146/annurev-virology-110615-040056. Epub 2016 Aug 15.
The 2013-16 West African Ebola outbreak is the largest, most geographically dispersed, and deadliest on record, with 28,616 suspected cases and 11,310 deaths recorded to date in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. We provide a review of the epidemiology and management of the 2013-16 Ebola outbreak in West Africa aimed at stimulating reflection on lessons learned that may improve the response to the next international health crisis caused by a pathogen that emerges in a region of the world with a severely limited health care infrastructure. Surveillance efforts employing rapid and effective point-of-care diagnostics designed for environments that lack advanced laboratory infrastructure will greatly aid in early detection and containment efforts during future outbreaks. Introduction of effective therapeutics and vaccines against Ebola into the public health system and the biodefense armamentarium is of the highest priority if future outbreaks are to be adequately managed and contained in a timely manner.
2013-2016 年西非埃博拉疫情是有记录以来规模最大、地理分布最广、最致命的一次,截至目前,几内亚、利比里亚和塞拉利昂已记录到 28616 例疑似病例和 11310 例死亡。我们对 2013-2016 年西非埃博拉疫情的流行病学和管理进行了回顾,旨在引发对经验教训的反思,这些经验教训可能会改进对下一次由在卫生基础设施严重受限的世界区域出现的病原体引发的国际卫生危机的应对。在缺乏先进实验室基础设施的环境中,利用快速有效的即时诊断技术进行监测,将极大地有助于在未来的疫情爆发中进行早期发现和控制。如果要对未来的疫情进行充分的管理和及时控制,将有效的埃博拉治疗方法和疫苗引入公共卫生系统和生物防御装备是当务之急。