McLaren-Flint, 401 S. Ballenger Hwy, Flint, MI, 48532, USA.
McLaren-Flint, 401 S. Ballenger Hwy, Flint, MI, 48532, USA; Kettering University, 1700 University Ave, Flint, MI, 48504, USA.
Am J Surg. 2022 Jan;223(1):164-169. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2021.08.039. Epub 2021 Sep 4.
There is limited data on transporting small children in hip spica casts used to treat pediatric femur fractures. Specific challenges include the fixed position of the body in the casted position and the increased size of the child due to cast thickness. Additionally, children less than 2 years old are recommended to be rear facing during transportation. This traveling position requires seats that are specifically designed to accommodate the small size of the child as well as accommodate the rear facing position. While seats able to accommodate casted children are available, it is unclear if they provide adequate protection in side impact collisions for rear facing spica casted infants. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate traumatic injury metrics in a side impact collision model where a spica casted infant crash dummy was restrained in currently available car seats.
Two seats designed for spica casted children (R82 Quokka, Merritt Wallenberg) and two traditional car seats (Britax Emblem, Graco Sequel) able to accommodate a casted one-year-old crash test dummy were identified. Side impact collision testing was performed with the dummy positioned in the rear facing position and injury metrics recorded.
Testing identified contact between the dummy's head and the door panel for a specialty spica car seat without protective side-wings for the head. All other seats contained side wings and prevented door-head contact.
Casted children should be transported in a seat able to accommodate the cast and safely restrain them. Our results demonstrate the importance of side wing protection in any seat used to transport these children as side bolsters may help decrease the potential for head contact with the door and lower the risk of severe head injury.
在使用髋人字石膏治疗小儿股骨干骨折时，运送小儿的相关数据有限。具体挑战包括石膏固定位置和儿童因石膏厚度而增加的体型。此外，建议 2 岁以下的儿童在运输过程中保持面向后方。这种旅行姿势需要专门设计的座位来适应儿童的小体型以及容纳面向后方的位置。虽然有能够容纳石膏包裹儿童的座椅，但尚不清楚它们在侧面碰撞中是否能为面向后方的石膏包裹婴儿提供足够的保护。因此，本研究的目的是评估在侧面碰撞模型中，在目前可用的汽车座椅中约束包裹石膏的婴儿假人时的创伤损伤指标。
确定了两个专为包裹石膏的儿童设计的座椅（R82 Quokka， Merritt Wallenberg）和两个能够容纳包裹石膏的一岁婴儿碰撞测试假人的传统汽车座椅（Britax Emblem， Graco Sequel）。将假人置于面向后方的位置进行侧面碰撞测试，并记录损伤指标。
测试发现，在没有头部保护侧翼的专用石膏汽车座椅中，假人的头部与车门面板接触。所有其他座椅都包含侧翼，防止了车门与头部接触。
应使用能够容纳石膏并安全约束儿童的座椅来运送包裹石膏的儿童。我们的研究结果表明，在任何用于运送这些儿童的座椅中，侧翼保护的重要性，因为侧垫可能有助于减少头部与车门接触的可能性，并降低严重头部受伤的风险。
