Nastasi Louis F, Deans Andrew R
Frost Entomological Museum, Penn State University, University Park, United States of America Frost Entomological Museum, Penn State University University Park United States of America.
Biodivers Data J. 2021 Aug 24;9:e68558. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.9.e68558. eCollection 2021.
Cynipidae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea) is a diverse group of wasps, many of which are capable of inducing plants to make galls, novel structures that protect and nourish the wasps' larvae. Other cynipids, especially those species in Ceroptresini and Synergini, are understood to be usurpers of galls made by other cynipids. The North American cynipid fauna has not been fully catalogued since 1979, but there is renewed interest in revising the taxonomy and in doing research that sheds light on the mechanisms of gall induction, the evolution of this life history, and their ecological interactions more broadly. Significant taxonomic changes have impacted the group since 1979, thereby warranting a new catalogue.
The current state of knowledge of species classified in Aulacideini, Ceroptresini, Diastrophini, Diplolepidini, Phanacidini and Synergini in the United States, Canada, and Mexico is summarised in catalogue format. We report 323 names, including 170 valid species of rose gall wasps, herb gall wasps, and inquiline gall wasps, classified in 12 genera, from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Current taxonomic status, distribution, host associations, and vernacular names are listed for each species. The catalogue also includes the original description of galls for many species of gall-inducer, as well as atomised characterisations of different gall traits as key-value pairs. For most galling species without existing vernacular names, new vernacular names are proposed.
瘿蜂科（膜翅目：瘿蜂总科）是一个种类多样的黄蜂群体，其中许多能够诱导植物形成虫瘿，这是一种保护并滋养黄蜂幼虫的特殊结构。其他瘿蜂，尤其是锥瘿蜂族和协同瘿蜂族的一些种类，则被认为是其他瘿蜂所造虫瘿的侵占者。自1979年以来，北美瘿蜂的种类尚未得到全面编目，但现在人们对修订分类学以及开展相关研究重新产生了兴趣，这些研究有助于揭示虫瘿诱导机制、这种生活史的演化以及更广泛的生态相互作用。自1979年以来，重大的分类学变化影响了该类群，因此需要编制一份新的名录。
以名录形式总结了美国、加拿大和墨西哥的奥瘿蜂族、锥瘿蜂族、瘿蚊瘿蜂族、双瓣瘿蜂族、扇瘿蜂族和协同瘿蜂族已分类物种的现有知识状况。我们报告了323个名称，包括170种有效的蔷薇瘿蜂、草本植物瘿蜂和寄居瘿蜂，它们分属于12个属，来自美国、加拿大和墨西哥。列出了每个物种的当前分类地位、分布、寄主关联和俗名。该名录还包括许多造瘿物种虫瘿的原始描述，以及将不同虫瘿特征以键值对形式进行的详细描述。对于大多数没有现有俗名的造瘿物种，我们提出了新的俗名。
