Zunaidi Adzrin Asikin, Lim Lee Hoon, Metali Faizah
Chemical Sciences Programme, Faculty of Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
Environmental and Life Sciences Programme, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
Heliyon. 2021 Sep 6;7(9):e07945. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07945. eCollection 2021 Sep.
Determination of heavy metal concentrations in vegetables and agricultural soils is crucial because high levels of heavy metals could affect soil quality, crop production and safe consumption of crops. A field study was conducted to determine the heavy metal concentrations and their transfer from agricultural soils to different parts (leaf, stem, and root) of (L.) Czern. In addition, potential health risks of contamination in the vegetables grown in the field were evaluated. Acid digestion method USEPA 3050B in combination with ICP-OES were used to analyze heavy metal (Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) contents in both pre- and post-harvest soils and vegetable samples. Results showed that none of the heavy metals in soils had concentrations above the maximum safety limits based on the WHO, USEPA and CCME guidelines. Calculated metal transfer factor (MTF >1) showed accumulated Cd, Co, Ni, Pb and Zn in leaves, stems and roots, but Cu and Mn, as well as Cr were only accumulated in stems and roots, respectively. There were variations in heavy metal contents between the different parts of , but only Cd and Pb contents were above the maximum allowable limit recommended by FAO/WHO. PCA analysis was able to identify 4 major components corresponding to 38.38%, 28.98%, 14.39% and 10.67% of the total variance and PC1 was clearly associated to leaves of . Based on the MTF values, only Cd was found to have a value of HRI >1 compared to the other heavy metals, implying potential health risk associated with long-term ingestion of the vegetable.
测定蔬菜和农业土壤中的重金属浓度至关重要，因为高含量的重金属会影响土壤质量、作物产量以及作物的安全食用。开展了一项田间研究，以测定重金属浓度及其从农业土壤向（L.）Czern不同部位（叶、茎和根）的转移情况。此外，还评估了田间种植蔬菜中污染的潜在健康风险。采用美国环境保护局3050B酸消解方法结合电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP - OES）分析收获前和收获后土壤及蔬菜样品中的重金属（铝、镉、钴、铬、铜、铁、锰、镍、铅和锌）含量。结果表明，根据世界卫生组织、美国环境保护局和加拿大环境部长理事会的指导方针，土壤中的重金属浓度均未超过最大安全限值。计算得出的金属转移因子（MTF >1）表明，叶片、茎和根中积累了镉、钴、镍、铅和锌，但铜和锰以及铬分别仅在茎和根中积累。（L.）Czern不同部位的重金属含量存在差异，但只有镉和铅的含量高于粮农组织/世界卫生组织建议的最大允许限值。主成分分析（PCA）能够识别出4个主要成分，分别对应总方差的38.38%、28.98%、14.39%和10.67%，且主成分1（PC1）与（L.）Czern的叶片明显相关。基于金属转移因子值，与其他重金属相比，仅发现镉的危害风险指数（HRI）>1，这意味着长期食用该蔬菜存在潜在健康风险。
