Ricci Federico, Bravo Giulia, Modenese Alberto, De Pasquale Fabrizio, Ferrari Davide, Bello Massimo, Favero Gianluca, Soddu Sergio, Gobba Fabriziomaria
Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy.
Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2021 Jan 26;11(1):96-109. doi: 10.3390/ejihpe11010008.
Risk perception can be influenced by cultural background. The study aims to evaluate risk perception, considering different ethnicities of construction workers from vocational schools in Italy. We administered a questionnaire investigating four different dimensions: Perceived behavioral control (PBC), Danger perception (DP), Safety climate (SC), and Attitude towards safe actions (ATSA). 562 workers answered: 72.4% from Italy, 14.2% from eastern Europe, 9.4% from Balkans, and 3.9% from North Africa. The participants indicated quite low control, attributable to the haste in performing the job. The workers perceived their specific job tasks as riskier compared to the tasks of their colleagues. They reported as fundamental the respecting of safety rules, but indicating that supervisors do not adequately promote safety behaviors. Finally, construction workers judged as "brave" the colleagues working without protective equipment. When compared to Italians, North Africa workers showed a lower perception of the possibility to control their safe behaviors ( = 0.040), while both eastern Europeans and Balkan obtained higher scores at the ATSA dimension, indicating a kind of fatalistic acceptance of the risky situations at work. Eastern Europeans also showed a lower perception of the dangers ( = 0.002), while Balkan demonstrated a perception of SC even better than the Italian group ( = 0.005).
风险认知会受到文化背景的影响。本研究旨在评估意大利职业学校建筑工人不同种族的风险认知情况。我们发放了一份调查问卷，调查四个不同维度：感知行为控制（PBC）、危险认知（DP）、安全氛围（SC）以及对安全行为的态度（ATSA）。562名工人作答：72.4%来自意大利，14.2%来自东欧，9.4%来自巴尔干地区，3.9%来自北非。参与者表示控制程度相当低，这归因于工作时的匆忙。与同事的任务相比，工人们认为他们的特定工作任务风险更高。他们报告称遵守安全规则至关重要，但指出主管没有充分促进安全行为。最后，建筑工人认为不佩戴防护设备工作的同事“勇敢”。与意大利人相比，北非工人对控制自身安全行为可能性的认知较低（P = 0.040），而东欧人和巴尔干地区的人在ATSA维度得分更高，表明他们对工作中的危险情况有一种宿命论式的接受。东欧人对危险的认知也较低（P = 0.002），而巴尔干地区的人对安全氛围的认知甚至比意大利组更好（P = 0.005）。
