University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
New Solut. 2021 May;31(1):65-71. doi: 10.1177/1048291121998364. Epub 2021 Feb 25.
We developed a visual tool to assess risk perception for a sample of male construction workers (forty Italian and twenty-eight immigrant workers), just before and after a sixteen-hour training course. The questionnaire included photographs of real construction sites, and workers were instructed to select pictograms representing the occupational risks present in each photograph. Points were awarded for correctly identifying any risks that were present, and points were deducted for failing to identify risks that were present or identifying risks that were not present. We found: (1) Before the course, risk perception was significantly lower in immigrants compared to Italians ( < .001); (2) risk perception improved significantly ( < .001) among all workers tested; and (3) after the training, the difference in risk perception between Italians and immigrants was no longer statistically significant ( = .1086). Although the sample size was relatively small, the results suggest that the training is effective and may reduce the degree to which cultural and linguistic barriers hinder risk perception. Moreover, the use of images and pictograms instead of words to evaluate risk perception could also be applied to nonconstruction workplaces.
我们开发了一个视觉工具，用于评估一组男性建筑工人（四十名意大利工人和二十八名移民工人）的风险感知，这是在十六小时培训课程之前和之后进行的。问卷包括真实建筑工地的照片，工人被指示选择代表每张照片中存在的职业风险的象形图。对于正确识别存在的任何风险，将获得分数，对于未能识别存在的风险或识别不存在的风险，将扣分。我们发现：（1）在课程之前，移民工人的风险感知明显低于意大利工人（<0.001）；（2）所有接受测试的工人的风险感知都显著提高（<0.001）；（3）培训后，意大利工人和移民工人之间的风险感知差异不再具有统计学意义（=0.1086）。尽管样本量相对较小，但结果表明培训是有效的，可能会降低文化和语言障碍阻碍风险感知的程度。此外，使用图像和象形图而不是单词来评估风险感知也可以应用于非建筑工作场所。
