Castro Renato Q, Au-Yong-Oliveira Manuel
FEUP, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
INESC TEC, GOVCOPP, Department of Economics, Management, Industrial Engineering and Tourism, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2021 Feb 19;11(1):154-167. doi: 10.3390/ejihpe11010013.
Due to added mobility and the increase in international students worldwide, as well as the current problem regarding the counterfeiting of diplomas and the selling of fraudulent certificates, we propose a technological solution. Namely, to ally blockchain technology to higher education certificates and diplomas, to make the process of checking for academic qualifications more facilitated and transparent. Employers of graduates, as well as higher education institutions which evaluate course applicants, would benefit. Perhaps equally as important, students applying for international degree programs would have their lives simplified. There is an increased pressure to ensure the legitimacy and authenticity of certifications and diplomas-and preferably without the current "hassle" of getting diplomas recognized by official entities. New technological advances, with the development of blockchain and smart contracts, with their characteristics of immutability, decentralization, security, traceability, and consensus, may be considered an excellent match to implement a robust and reliable anti-fraud solution to issue digital diplomas. Radical innovations, such as linking blockchain and higher education diplomas, involve significant change and novelty. Linking blockchain and higher education diplomas could potentially positively impact and benefit millions of people worldwide, especially the younger generations. This study involved a literature review and the searching of the Scopus database (refereed publications) for the following concepts: and . Existing literature is recent, with most articles (25) published between 2019 and 2020, with 4 in 2018 and only 1 in 2017. This was aligned with our expectations since the development of blockchain utilization outside financial and crypto-assets industries is recent, and it is known as "Blockchain 3.0". We can additionally affirm that the topic is attracting attention and efforts from researchers worldwide and that some higher education institutions have already implemented ad hoc solutions. As it is, the sector lacks a unified response to the problem of automatic and reliable higher education diploma certification.
由于人员流动性增加以及全球国际学生数量增多，再加上当前存在的文凭造假和虚假证书售卖问题，我们提出一种技术解决方案。具体而言，就是将区块链技术应用于高等教育证书和文凭，使学历资格核查过程更加便捷和透明。毕业生的雇主以及评估课程申请者的高等教育机构都将从中受益。或许同样重要的是，申请国际学位课程的学生生活也会变得更简单。目前存在着确保证书和文凭合法性与真实性的更大压力，而且最好能避免当前由官方机构认可文凭所带来的“麻烦”。随着区块链和智能合约的发展，其具有不可变、去中心化、安全、可追溯和达成共识等特性，这些新技术进步可被视为实施强大可靠的反欺诈解决方案以颁发数字文凭的绝佳契合点。诸如将区块链与高等教育文凭相连接这样的激进创新涉及重大变革和新颖性。将区块链与高等教育文凭相连接可能会对全球数百万人，尤其是年轻一代产生积极影响并带来益处。本研究涉及文献综述，并在Scopus数据库（经同行评审的出版物）中搜索了以下概念：[此处原文缺失具体概念]。现有文献较新，大多数文章（25篇）发表于2019年至2020年之间，2018年有4篇，2017年仅有1篇。这与我们的预期相符，因为区块链在金融和加密资产行业之外的应用发展较新，这被称为“区块链3.0”。我们还可以肯定的是，该主题正吸引着全球研究人员的关注和努力，并且一些高等教育机构已经实施了临时解决方案。事实上，该领域缺乏对高等教育文凭自动可靠认证问题的统一应对措施。
