ADSI-Austrian Drug Screening Institute GmbH, Innrain 66a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, CCB-Centre for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Leopold-Franzens University, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
ADSI-Austrian Drug Screening Institute GmbH, Innrain 66a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2021 Nov 1;430:115727. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115727. Epub 2021 Sep 20.
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have gained increasing popularity in recent years, mostly because they are supposed to be less harmful than regular cigarettes. Therefore, it is highly imperative to investigate possible noxious effects to protect the consumers. E-liquids consist of propylene glycol, glycerol, aroma compounds and sweeteners. One of these sweeteners is a chlorinated version of sucrose, namely sucralose. The aim of this work was to investigate degradation products of sucralose in the presence of propylene glycol and glycerol at different temperatures of commercially available e-cigarettes. Chemical analysis and biological tests were simultaneously performed on e-liquid aerosol condensates. The results of the chemical analysis, which was executed by employing GC-MS/GC-FID, demonstrated high amounts of various chloropropanols. The most abundant one is extremely toxic, namely 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol, which can be detected at concentrations ranging up to 10,000 mg/kg. Furthermore, a cytotoxicity investigation of the condensates was performed on HUVEC/Tert2 cells in which metabolic activity was determined by means of resazurin assay. The cellular metabolic activity significantly decreased by treatment with e-liquid aerosol condensate. Due to the results of this study, we advise against the use of sucralose as sweetener in e-liquids.
近年来，电子烟越来越受欢迎，主要是因为它们被认为比普通香烟的危害更小。因此，有必要调查可能存在的有害影响，以保护消费者。电子烟液由丙二醇、甘油、香味化合物和甜味剂组成。其中一种甜味剂是蔗糖的氯化版本，即三氯蔗糖。本工作的目的是研究在不同温度下，市售电子烟中丙二醇和甘油存在时三氯蔗糖的降解产物。同时对电子烟液气溶胶冷凝物进行化学分析和生物测试。通过 GC-MS/GC-FID 进行的化学分析结果表明，存在大量各种氯丙醇。其中最丰富的一种是极其有毒的，即 3-氯-1,2-丙二醇，其浓度可高达 10000mg/kg。此外，还在 HUVEC/Tert2 细胞上进行了冷凝物的细胞毒性研究，通过 Resazurin 测定法测定细胞代谢活性。用电子烟液气溶胶冷凝物处理后，细胞代谢活性显著降低。由于本研究的结果，我们建议不要在电子烟液中使用三氯蔗糖作为甜味剂。
