Hilaria Hin Lam Chan, The University of Sydney, Australia,
J Nutr Health Aging. 2021;25(8):1012-1022. doi: 10.1007/s12603-021-1666-7.
Sarcopenia is prevalent in middle-aged and older adults. A plant-based diet may be linked to changes in body composition and musculoskeletal health.
This systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of plant-based dietary patterns on the body composition, muscle strength and function in middle-aged and older adults. PRISMA guidelines were followed.
A systematic search was completed on databases including MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, PREMEDLINE, Cochrane library, CINAHL and Scopus on articles published until 1st March 2019. Search terms included 'middle-aged', 'older adult', 'plant-based diet' and 'muscle strength'. Title and abstract screening were conducted on 1,868 publications after deduplication. Sample size, subject characteristics, recruitment, inclusion and exclusion criteria, dietary measures, health outcome measures, statistical results and confounders were sorted by author, study type, year and country. The quality of evidence of extracted data was assessed using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tools.
RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: 17 papers were included from 31 articles selected for full review. The majority of the studies were cross-sectional studies (n = 9) and RCTs (n = 6).The remaining studies were cohort studies. Positive associations were found between plant-based dietary patterns; negative association with body composition; and inconclusive association with muscle function. However, further studies are needed to improve the understanding.
肌肉减少症在中年和老年人中较为普遍。植物性饮食可能与身体成分和肌肉骨骼健康的变化有关。
本系统评价旨在研究植物性饮食模式对中年和老年人身体成分、肌肉力量和功能的影响。本研究遵循 PRISMA 指南。
对 MEDLINE、Embase、全球健康、PREMEDLINE、Cochrane 图书馆、CINAHL 和 Scopus 等数据库进行了系统检索，检索截止日期为 2019 年 3 月 1 日。检索词包括“中年”、“老年”、“植物性饮食”和“肌肉力量”。对去重后的 1868 篇文章进行了标题和摘要筛选。作者、研究类型、年份和国家对样本量、受试者特征、招募、纳入和排除标准、饮食测量、健康结果测量、统计结果和混杂因素进行了分类。使用苏格兰校际指南网络（SIGN）和推荐评估、制定与评价（GRADE）工具评估提取数据的证据质量。
结果/结论：从 31 篇全文综述中选择了 17 篇论文。大多数研究为横断面研究（n=9）和 RCT（n=6）。其余研究为队列研究。植物性饮食模式与身体成分呈负相关；与肌肉功能呈不确定相关；与肌肉功能呈正相关。然而，需要进一步的研究来提高认识。
