Gonçalves Daniela Dib, Pastre Giovani Batista, Rey Laisa Marina Rosa, Fazoli Kawany Gabrieli Zanetti, Silva Lucas Lima da, Ferreira Larissa Rafaela de Paula, Fritzen Juliana Torres Tomazi, Chideroli Roberta Torres, Durel Luc, Decuadro-Hansen Gustave, Lourenço Emerson Luiz Botelho, Piau Junior Ranulfo, Barbosa Lidiane Nunes, Pereira Ulisses de Pádua, Santos Isabela Carvalho Dos
Post-Graduation Program in Animal Science with an Emphasis in Bioactive Products, Paranaense University (UNIPAR), Umuarama, Parana, Brazil.
Student in the Post-Graduation Program in Animal Science with an Emphasis on Bioactive Products, (Scholarship holder PROSUP/CAPES/UNIPAR); Paranaense University (UNIPAR), Umuarama, Parana, Brazil.
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2021 Nov;21(11):864-869. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2021.0040. Epub 2021 Sep 20.
Leptospirosis is an important infectious disease, which can generate large economic losses, especially in the dairy herd. The pathogen that causes this disease may have its entry in Brazilian herds facilitated by the existence of a large extension of land borders. Therefore, the objective of this work was to investigate the presence of DNA and antibodies against spp. in samples of vaginal mucus and serum from naturally infected bovine females from small rural dairy farms in a border region. Blood and vaginal mucus samples were collected from 70 Holstein cows, from small rural dairy farms between October 2017 and June 2018. The inclusion criteria for dairy cattle of any breed were aged over 2 years, not vaccinated against leptospirosis, and presenting a history of any reproductive problem such as abortion, stillbirth, repetition of heat, absence of heat, and lack of conception. Blood was collected by puncturing the coccygeal vein; for the collection of vaginal mucus, it was necessary to use a tampon with an applicator. For the detection of anti- spp. antibodies, the sera were submitted to microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and, for DNA detection, the vaginal mucus was submitted to the PCR technique. Among the 70 cows, 42.86% had reagents in MAT and the most likely serovar was Wolffi (43.47%). In 74.28% of the vaginal mucus samples, it was possible to amplify the spp. DNA. The results of this work show the presence of spp. antibodies and DNA in samples of serum and vaginal mucus from naturally infected bovine females from small rural dairy farms in a border region (Brazil × Paraguay). These results demonstrate the importance of considering bovine females as potential vaginal carriers of spp. Thus, it highlights the importance of further studies to better understanding of this issue, in addition to carrying out molecular and serological tests, to monitor the infection and further characterize epidemiological studies of leptospirosis in herds from regions that face this international frontier challenge.
钩端螺旋体病是一种重要的传染病，会造成巨大经济损失，在奶牛群中尤为如此。由于巴西有大片陆地边境，导致引起该病的病原体更容易进入巴西牛群。因此，本研究的目的是调查边境地区小型农村奶牛场自然感染的母牛阴道黏液和血清样本中抗钩端螺旋体属物种的DNA和抗体的存在情况。2017年10月至2018年6月期间，从边境地区小型农村奶牛场的70头荷斯坦奶牛采集了血液和阴道黏液样本。纳入标准为任何品种的奶牛，年龄超过2岁，未接种钩端螺旋体病疫苗，且有任何繁殖问题史，如流产、死产、发情重复、不发情和不受孕。通过尾静脉穿刺采集血液；采集阴道黏液时，需要使用带有 applicator的棉塞。为了检测抗钩端螺旋体属物种的抗体，血清进行显微镜凝集试验（MAT），为了检测DNA，阴道黏液进行PCR技术检测。在70头奶牛中，42.86%在MAT中有反应，最可能的血清型是沃尔夫血清型（43.47%）。在74.28%的阴道黏液样本中，可以扩增出钩端螺旋体属物种的DNA。本研究结果表明，在巴西与巴拉圭边境地区小型农村奶牛场自然感染的母牛血清和阴道黏液样本中存在钩端螺旋体属物种的抗体和DNA。这些结果证明了将母牛视为钩端螺旋体属物种潜在阴道携带者的重要性。因此，除了进行分子和血清学检测以监测感染并进一步表征面临这一国际边境挑战地区牛群钩端螺旋体病的流行病学研究外，强调了进一步研究以更好理解这一问题的重要性。
