Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
J Nutr. 2022 Jan 11;152(1):40-48. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxab340.
Although diets rich in carotenoids are associated with reduced risks of cardiovascular disease, age-related macular degeneration, disability, and other adverse aging outcomes, the underlying biological mechanisms are not fully elucidated.
To characterize the plasma proteome fingerprint associated with circulating carotenoid and retinol concentrations in older adults.
In 728 adults ≥65 y participating in the Invecchiare in Chianti (InCHIANTI) Study, plasma α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, and lycopene were measured using HPLC. The SOMAscan assay was used to measure 1301 plasma proteins. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the relationship of individual carotenoids and retinol with plasma proteins. A false discovery rate approach was used to deal with multiple comparisons using a q-value < 0.05.
Plasma β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, and lycopene were associated with 85, 39, 4, 2, and 5 plasma proteins, respectively, in multivariable linear regression models adjusting for potential confounders (q < 0.05). No proteins were associated with α-carotene or retinol. Two or more carotenoids were positively associated with ferritin, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), hepcidin, thrombospondin-2, and choline/ethanolamine kinase. The proteins associated with circulating carotenoids were related to energy metabolism, sirtuin signaling, inflammation and oxidative stress, iron metabolism, proteostasis, innate immunity, and longevity.
The plasma proteomic fingerprint associated with elevated circulating carotenoids in older adults provides insight into the mechanisms underlying the protective role of carotenoids on health.
尽管富含类胡萝卜素的饮食与降低心血管疾病、年龄相关性黄斑变性、残疾和其他不良衰老结局的风险有关，但其中的潜在生物学机制尚未完全阐明。
描述与老年人循环类胡萝卜素和视黄醇浓度相关的血浆蛋白质组特征。
在参与 Invecchiare in Chianti（InCHIANTI）研究的 728 名年龄≥65 岁的成年人中，使用 HPLC 测量血浆 α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、β-隐黄质、叶黄素、玉米黄质和番茄红素。使用 SOMAscan 检测试剂盒测量 1301 种血浆蛋白。使用多变量线性回归模型来检验个体类胡萝卜素和视黄醇与血浆蛋白之间的关系。使用错误发现率方法（q 值<0.05）处理多重比较。
在多变量线性回归模型中，β-胡萝卜素、β-隐黄质、叶黄素、玉米黄质和番茄红素分别与 85、39、4、2 和 5 种血浆蛋白相关，这些模型调整了潜在混杂因素（q<0.05）。α-胡萝卜素或视黄醇与任何蛋白质均无相关性。两种或更多种类胡萝卜素与铁蛋白、6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶（脱羧）、hepcidin、血小板反应蛋白-2 和胆碱/乙醇胺激酶呈正相关。与循环类胡萝卜素相关的蛋白质与能量代谢、sirtuin 信号、炎症和氧化应激、铁代谢、蛋白质稳态、先天免疫和长寿有关。
与老年人循环类胡萝卜素升高相关的血浆蛋白质组特征为类胡萝卜素对健康的保护作用提供了潜在机制的见解。
