Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
J Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2021 Dec;15(12):1051-1068. doi: 10.1002/term.3246. Epub 2021 Oct 1.
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a major debilitating complication of diabetes. Many research investigations have been conducted with the aims to uncover the diabetic wound healing mechanisms, develop novel therapeutics, and screen bioactive wound dressings in order to improve the current management of DFU. These would have not been possible without the utilization of an appropriate wound model, especially in a diabetic wound context. This review focuses on the different in vitro research models used in DFU investigations such as the 2D scratch wound assay, 3D skin model, and 3D angiogenesis model as well as their limitations. The current efforts and challenges to apply the 2D and 3D in vitro models in a hyperglycemic context to provide insights into DFU modeling will be reviewed. Perspectives of utilizing 3D bioprinting and skin-on-the-chip model as a diabetic wound model in the future will also be highlighted. By leveraging knowledge from past experiences and current research, an improved experimental model for DFU is anticipated to be established in near future.
糖尿病足溃疡（DFU）是糖尿病的一种主要致残并发症。为了揭示糖尿病创面愈合机制、开发新的治疗方法以及筛选生物活性创面敷料，以改善 DFU 的当前治疗方法，许多研究都进行了。如果没有适当的创面模型，特别是在糖尿病创面的背景下，这些都是不可能的。这篇综述重点介绍了用于 DFU 研究的不同体外研究模型，如 2D 划痕伤口检测法、3D 皮肤模型和 3D 血管生成模型，以及它们的局限性。还将回顾目前在高血糖环境下应用 2D 和 3D 体外模型的努力和挑战，以深入了解 DFU 模型。还将强调利用 3D 生物打印和皮肤芯片模型作为未来糖尿病创面模型的观点。通过利用过去经验和当前研究的知识，预计在不久的将来会建立一个改进的 DFU 实验模型。
