Department of COPD Control, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Feb;29(8):11843-11853. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-16553-z. Epub 2021 Sep 22.
The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among urban populations is generally lower than rural residents, but the disease burden is still high. We conducted a cross-sectional prevalence survey of COPD among residents aged ≥40 years in an emerging city Shenzhen, China from September 2018 to June 2019. Through multi-stage stratified random sampling, a total of 4157 eligible participants were invited to complete a questionnaire and to take the spirometry test; 3591 with available data were enrolled in the final analysis. Individuals were diagnosed with COPD if the post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio was less than 0.7. The estimated standardized prevalence of COPD among residents over 40 years old in Shenzhen was 5.92% (95% confidential intervals [CI] 4.05-8.34). Risk factors for COPD included elder age (adjusted odds ratio 1.206, 95% CI 1.120-1.299 per 10-year increase), smoking over 20 pack-years (1.968, 1.367-2.832), history of chronic bronchitis (1.733, 1.036-2.900) or asthma (4.920, 2.425-9.982), and exposure to higher annual minimum concentrations of ambient SO (1.156, 1.053-1.270 per 1-μg/m increase). Among 280 spirometry-diagnosed patients, most (221, 78.93%) patients were classified as mild COPD (GOLD stage I). This survey found that the prevalence of COPD in Shenzhen is low and most patients had mild symptoms, thus recommended screening using spirometry in primary health care to detect early-stage COPD. Increased risk from the exposure to air pollutants also indicated the urgent need for environmental improvement in city settings.
在中国新兴城市深圳，我们进行了一项针对≥40 岁居民的慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）横断面患病率调查。该研究于 2018 年 9 月至 2019 年 6 月期间开展，采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法，共邀请了 4157 名符合条件的参与者完成问卷调查和肺功能检查；最终有 3591 名参与者纳入分析。支气管扩张剂后 FEV1/FVC 比值<0.7 者被诊断为 COPD。深圳 40 岁以上居民 COPD 的估计标准化患病率为 5.92%（95%置信区间 4.05-8.34）。COPD 的危险因素包括年龄较大（每增加 10 岁，调整后的优势比为 1.206，95%置信区间为 1.120-1.299）、吸烟超过 20 包年（1.968，1.367-2.832）、慢性支气管炎史（1.733，1.036-2.900）或哮喘史（4.920，2.425-9.982）、以及接触更高的年平均环境 SO 最低浓度（每增加 1μg/m，调整后的优势比为 1.156，1.053-1.270）。在 280 名肺功能诊断为 COPD 的患者中，大多数（221 名，78.93%）患者被归类为轻度 COPD（GOLD Ⅰ期）。该研究发现深圳的 COPD 患病率较低，且大多数患者症状较轻，因此建议在初级卫生保健中使用肺功能检查进行筛查，以发现早期 COPD。接触空气污染物的风险增加也表明城市环境急需改善。
