Gandour J, Weinberg B, Petty S H, Dardarananda R
Department of Audiology and Speech Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
J Speech Hear Disord. 1987 Aug;52(3):288-94. doi: 10.1044/jshd.5203.288.
The perception and production of voicing contrast was investigated in utterances spoken by Thai alaryngeal speakers. Thai exhibits a three-category voicing distinction for bilabial /b, p, ph/ and alveolar /d, t, th/ stops and a two-category distinction for velar [k, kh] stops. Voice onset time (VOT) was measured in word-initial stops of words produced in isolation by 2 Thai esophageal speakers and 1 Thai user of an electronic artificial larynx. These measurements were compared with published VOT values for the same words spoken by 5 normal Thai speakers. Both esophageal speakers were capable of signaling voicing distinctions for /b, d/ and /p, t, k/. The electrolaryngeal speaker was able to signal /p, t, k/ only. Thai alaryngeal speakers were generally unsuccessful in signaling /ph, th, kh/. A cross-linguistic comparison to VOT in English suggests that no more than two voicing categories can be distinguished in these two forms of alaryngeal speech. Findings are interpreted to illustrate that the realization of stop voicing contrasts in alaryngeal speech depends on the number of voicing categories in a language, the relative positions of the voicing categories on the VOT continuum, and the form of alaryngeal speech.
本研究调查了泰国无喉者话语中浊音对比的感知与产出情况。泰语在双唇音/b, p, ph/和齿龈音/d, t, th/塞音上呈现出三类浊音区别，在软腭音[k, kh]塞音上呈现出两类区别。语音起始时间（VOT）在2名泰国食管发音者和1名泰国电子人工喉使用者单独说出的单词词首塞音中进行测量。这些测量结果与5名正常泰国人说出的相同单词的已发表VOT值进行比较。两名食管发音者都能够区分/b, d/和/p, t, k/的浊音区别。电子人工喉使用者仅能区分/p, t, k/。泰国无喉者通常无法区分/ph, th, kh/。与英语VOT的跨语言比较表明，在这两种无喉语音形式中，最多只能区分出两类浊音。研究结果表明，无喉语音中塞音浊音对比的实现取决于一种语言中的浊音类别数量、浊音类别在VOT连续统上的相对位置以及无喉语音的形式。
