Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran E-mail:
Department of Environmental Science, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
Water Sci Technol. 2021 Sep;84(6):1498-1508. doi: 10.2166/wst.2021.317.
This study aimed to measure and ecologically assess heavy metals, including As, Cr, Pb, Cd, and Ni in water and sediment samples taken from Gomishan, an international wetland located in Golestan, Iran. Four sampling stations were selected to cover all parts of the wetland. The analyses of the heavy metals were performed by ICP-MS. Based on the content of the heavy metals in the sediments, the values of risks for individual heavy metals, as Er, and for total heavy metals, as IR, were estimated. Igeo and EF also presented the soil quality in terms of accumulated contamination. The average content of the heavy metals in water was 23.12, 4.14, 10.04, 6.71, and 94.48 μg/L for As, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb, respectively. The heavy metal concentrations in sediments were decreased in the following order: Pb (2130 ppb) > As (655 ppb) > Cr (295 ppb) > Ni (148.8 ppb) > Cd (148.8 ppb). The potential risk values for individual heavy metals were in the low range, Er < 40, except for Cd, which mostly posed a moderate ecological risk. The values of EF and Igeo showed that the sediments sampled from the Gomishan wetland were minimally enriched and contaminated. As the Gomishan wetland has a moderate risk of heavy metal contamination, conservative and monitoring activities should be performed.
本研究旨在测量和生态评估戈米山（伊朗戈勒斯坦省的一个国际湿地）的水和沉积物样本中的重金属，包括砷、铬、铅、镉和镍。选择了四个采样点以覆盖湿地的所有部分。重金属的分析通过 ICP-MS 进行。基于沉积物中重金属的含量，估计了单个重金属（如 Er）和总重金属（如 IR）的风险值。Igeo 和 EF 也根据累积污染情况评估了土壤质量。水体重金属的平均含量分别为 23.12、4.14、10.04、6.71 和 94.48μg/L，对应于砷、镉、铬、镍和铅。沉积物中重金属的浓度依次降低：铅（2130ppb）>砷（655ppb）>铬（295ppb）>镍（148.8ppb）>镉（148.8ppb）。除镉外，各单个重金属的潜在风险值均处于低风险范围，Er<40，镉主要构成中度生态风险。EF 和 Igeo 的值表明，戈米山湿地采集的沉积物仅轻度富集和污染。由于戈米山湿地的重金属污染存在中度风险，应开展保守和监测活动。
