Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Appetite. 2022 Jan 1;168:105706. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105706. Epub 2021 Sep 21.
Negative emotional experiences are associated with dysregulated eating behaviors that impede weight management. While weight loss interventions promote physical activity and self-regulation of eating, no studies have examined how physical activity may directly influence eating by attenuating associations between negative emotions and eating.
The current study examined how momentary negative emotions (stress and anxiety), moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA), and their interactions predict eating dysregulation (i.e., intensity of eating temptations, inability to resist eating tempting foods, overeating), as well as how these associations change during a weight loss intervention.
Women with overweight/obesity (N = 55) completed 14-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) protocols with objective measurement of physical activity (i.e., bout-related MVPA time) before and after a three-month internet-based weight loss program.
Three-way interactions emerged predicting overeating and eating tempting foods. When women experienced higher than usual levels of momentary anxiety or stress at end-of-treatment, they were less likely to subsequently overeat or eat tempting foods when they had recently engaged in more MVPA (relative to their usual level). No significant associations were found for ratings of temptation intensity.
Findings suggest MVPA may exert direct effects on eating regulation. Specifically, MVPA appears to increasingly buffer the effect of negative emotional states on dysregulated eating behavior over the course of a weight loss intervention. Future work is needed to develop ways of communicating to patients how activity can have both indirect and direct effects on body weight, and examine whether such knowledge improves outcomes.
负面情绪体验与饮食行为失调有关，从而阻碍体重管理。虽然减肥干预措施促进了身体活动和饮食的自我调节，但尚无研究探讨身体活动如何通过减轻负面情绪与饮食之间的关联来直接影响饮食。
本研究旨在探讨瞬时负面情绪（压力和焦虑）、中等到剧烈强度的身体活动（MVPA）及其相互作用如何预测饮食失调（即，饮食诱惑的强度、无法抗拒诱人食物的进食、暴饮暴食），以及这些关联在减肥干预期间如何变化。
超重/肥胖女性（N=55）在三个月的基于互联网的减肥计划之前和之后完成了为期 14 天的生态瞬时评估（EMA）方案，并对身体活动进行了客观测量（即，爆发相关的 MVPA 时间）。
出现了三向交互作用，预测了暴饮暴食和吃诱人食物。当女性在治疗结束时经历高于平常水平的瞬时焦虑或压力时，当她们最近进行更多的 MVPA（相对于她们的平常水平）时，她们不太可能随后暴饮暴食或吃诱人食物。没有发现与诱惑强度评级相关的显著关联。
研究结果表明，MVPA 可能对饮食调节产生直接影响。具体而言，MVPA 似乎在减肥干预过程中逐渐减轻负面情绪状态对饮食失调行为的影响。未来的工作需要开发向患者传达活动如何对体重产生间接和直接影响的方法，并探讨这种知识是否能改善结果。
