Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Department of Psychology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Int J Eat Disord. 2020 Sep;53(9):1450-1459. doi: 10.1002/eat.23296. Epub 2020 May 19.
Parental factors have been linked to weight-related outcomes in children, though less is known regarding the role of parental self-efficacy (PSE) for promoting healthy dietary behaviors (HDBs). This study examined associations between PSE for promoting HDBs and child reports of craving, overeating, and loss of control eating in daily life. The interactive effects of PSE and child eating style (emotional eating, external eating, and restraint) were also explored.
Thirty-eight youth (ages 8-14; 55.3% female) with overweight/obesity and their parents completed the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire for Children (DEBQ-C) and Parental Self-Efficacy for Healthy Dietary and Physical Activity Behaviors Scale, respectively. Youth completed ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to report craving, overeating, and loss of control eating.
Generalized estimating equations indicated no consistent main effects of PSE on EMA outcomes, but PSE interacted with DEBQ-C child eating styles to predict each EMA outcome. Among children of parents with lower PSE, (a) higher emotional eating was associated with greater overeating and loss of control eating; (b) higher external eating was associated with greater craving; and (c) higher restraint was associated with greater loss of control eating and craving. Conversely, these associations were attenuated among children of parents with higher PSE.
Together findings suggest the interplay of child characteristics and PSE regarding children's eating behaviors warrants future investigation in the context of eating and weight disorders. In particular, further research is needed to examine the directionality of effects and mechanisms underlying these associations.
父母因素与儿童的体重相关结果有关，但对于促进健康饮食行为（HDB）的父母自我效能感（PSE）的作用知之甚少。本研究考察了促进 HDB 的 PSE 与儿童日常生活中对渴望、暴饮暴食和失去控制的进食行为的报告之间的关联。还探讨了 PSE 和儿童进食风格（情绪性进食、外显性进食和克制性进食）之间的交互作用。
38 名超重/肥胖的青少年（年龄 8-14 岁；55.3%为女性）及其父母分别完成了荷兰儿童饮食行为问卷（DEBQ-C）和父母促进健康饮食和体育活动行为效能感量表。青少年通过生态瞬时评估（EMA）报告渴望、暴饮暴食和失去控制的进食行为。
广义估计方程表明，PSE 对 EMA 结果没有一致的主要影响，但 PSE 与 DEBQ-C 儿童进食风格相互作用，从而预测每个 EMA 结果。在 PSE 较低的父母的孩子中，（a）更高的情绪性进食与更多的暴饮暴食和失去控制的进食行为有关；（b）更高的外显性进食与更多的渴望有关；（c）更高的克制性进食与更多的失去控制的进食行为和渴望有关。相反，在 PSE 较高的父母的孩子中，这些关联减弱。
总之，这些发现表明，儿童特征和 PSE 之间的相互作用，需要在饮食和体重障碍的背景下，对儿童的进食行为进行进一步研究。特别是，需要进一步研究这些关联的作用方向和机制。
