Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Taroona, TAS 7053, Australia.
South Australia Research and Development Institute, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia.
Mar Drugs. 2021 Sep 8;19(9):510. doi: 10.3390/md19090510.
Paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) are found in the hepatopancreas of Southern Rock Lobster from the east coast of Tasmania in association with blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate . Tasmania's rock lobster fishery is one of the state's most important wild capture fisheries, supporting a significant commercial industry (AUD 97M) and recreational fishing sector. A comprehensive 8 years of field data collected across multiple sites has allowed continued improvements to the risk management program protecting public health and market access for the Tasmanian lobster fishery. High variability was seen in toxin levels between individuals, sites, months, and years. The highest risk sites were those on the central east coast, with July to January identified as the most at-risk months. Relatively high uptake rates were observed (exponential rate of 2% per day), similar to filter-feeding mussels, and meant that lobster accumulated toxins quickly. Similarly, lobsters were relatively fast detoxifiers, losing up to 3% PST per day, following bloom demise. Mussel sentinel lines were effective in indicating a risk of elevated PST in lobster hepatopancreas, with annual baseline monitoring costing approximately 0.06% of the industry value. In addition, it was determined that if the mean hepatopancreas PST levels in five individual lobsters from a site were <0.22 mg STX equiv. kg, there is a 97.5% probability that any lobster from that site would be below the bivalve maximum level of 0.8 mg STX equiv. kg. The combination of using a sentinel species to identify risk areas and sampling five individual lobsters at a particular site, provides a cost-effective strategy for managing PST risk in the Tasmanian commercial lobster fishery.
麻痹性贝类毒素 (PST) 存在于塔斯马尼亚东海岸南部岩龙虾的肝胰腺中，与有毒甲藻的大量繁殖有关。塔斯马尼亚的龙虾渔业是该州最重要的野生捕捞渔业之一，支撑着重要的商业产业（9700 万澳元）和休闲渔业部门。在多个地点收集了 8 年的综合现场数据，使保护公众健康和塔斯马尼亚龙虾渔业市场准入的风险管理计划得以持续改进。个体、地点、月份和年份之间的毒素水平存在很大差异。风险最高的地点是中东部海岸的那些地点，7 月至 1 月被确定为风险最高的月份。观察到相对较高的吸收率（每天 2%的指数增长率），类似于滤食性贻贝，这意味着龙虾很快就会积累毒素。同样，龙虾是相对较快的解毒剂，在藻华消亡后，每天损失高达 3%的 PST。贻贝监测线有效地表明了龙虾肝胰腺 PST 升高的风险，每年进行基线监测的费用约占该行业价值的 0.06%。此外，确定如果来自一个地点的五个个体龙虾的肝胰腺 PST 平均水平<0.22 毫克 STX 当量。千克，则该地点的任何龙虾都有 97.5%的可能性低于双壳类动物的最大水平 0.8 毫克 STX 当量。千克。使用指示物种识别风险区域和在特定地点采集五个个体龙虾的组合，为管理塔斯马尼亚商业龙虾渔业中的 PST 风险提供了一种具有成本效益的策略。
