Michailova Paraskeva, Ilkova Julia, Kovalenko Pavlo A, Gorobchyshyn Volodymyr A, Kozeretska Iryna A, Convey Peter
Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1 Tzar Osvoboditel b., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.
State Institution Institute for Evolutionary Ecology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 37 Lebedeva Str., 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine.
Insects. 2021 Sep 3;12(9):792. doi: 10.3390/insects12090792.
The external morphology of the fourth-instar larva of the Antarctic endemic chironomid midge is described. Larvae were collected from Jougla Point (Wiencke Island) and an un-named island close to Enterprise Island, off the coast of the western Antarctic Peninsula. Light microscopy was used to examine and document photographically the structures of the mouthparts (mandible, mentum, premandible, labrum), antennae, pecten epipharyngis, clypeus, frontal apotome and posterior parapods. Measurements of the mouthparts are presented. The data obtained are compared with that available in the literature. A number of differences were identified relating to the size of the larvae, the number of teeth on the mandibles, the number of antennal segments and the length of the antennal blade. Malformations of the mandible and mentum are reported for the first time in this species. Features of larvae of taxonomic value that can be used to determine the species in larval stages are presented. These are of utility in using the larvae to reveal relationships with other species. Larvae are also important in ecological and genotoxicological studies, which require accurate species level identification.
描述了南极特有摇蚊四龄幼虫的外部形态。幼虫采集自南极半岛西部海岸附近的朱格拉角（维恩克岛）以及靠近企业岛的一个无名岛屿。使用光学显微镜检查并拍摄口器（上颚、下唇、前上颚、唇基）、触角、咽上栉、额唇基、额前部和后足鳃的结构。给出了口器的测量数据。将获得的数据与文献中的数据进行了比较。发现了一些与幼虫大小、上颚齿数、触角节数和触角叶片长度有关的差异。首次报道了该物种上颚和下唇的畸形情况。介绍了具有分类学价值的幼虫特征，这些特征可用于在幼虫阶段确定物种。这对于利用幼虫揭示与其他物种的关系很有用。幼虫在生态和遗传毒理学研究中也很重要，这些研究需要准确的物种水平鉴定。
