Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Health Sciences, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
Department of Sports Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2022 May;73(3):357-366. doi: 10.1080/09637486.2021.1979478. Epub 2021 Sep 25.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming ever more common in children, due to the increasing global prevalence of obesity. The first-line treatment consists of weight loss through a combination of a healthy diet and exercise. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a Mediterranean Diet or a low-fat diet on reducing hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in children with NAFLD. This 12-week randomised clinical trial was conducted with children aged 9-17 years diagnosed with NAFLD and randomised into either a Mediterranean Diet or a low-fat diet group. By the end of the study, hepatic steatosis had decreased significantly in both groups ( < 0.001). Liver enzymes also improved significantly, while significant decreases were observed in insulin resistance in both groups, although this decrease was greater in the Mediterranean Diet group ( = 0.010). This study demonstrated that a decrease in hepatic steatosis and an improvement in insulin sensitivity can be achieved with both a Mediterranean Diet and a low-fat diet over 12 weeks, with no significant decrease in the energy required for growth, in children with NAFLD.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）在儿童中越来越常见，这是由于肥胖在全球的患病率不断增加。一线治疗包括通过健康饮食和运动相结合来减肥。本研究的目的是确定地中海饮食或低脂饮食对减少非酒精性脂肪性肝病儿童肝脂肪变性和胰岛素抵抗的影响。这是一项为期 12 周的随机临床试验，纳入了 9-17 岁被诊断为非酒精性脂肪性肝病的儿童，并随机分为地中海饮食组或低脂饮食组。研究结束时，两组的肝脂肪变性均显著减少（<0.001）。肝酶也显著改善，而两组的胰岛素抵抗均显著下降，尽管地中海饮食组的下降更为明显（=0.010）。这项研究表明，在 12 周内，地中海饮食和低脂饮食均可降低肝脂肪变性和改善胰岛素敏感性，而对于非酒精性脂肪性肝病儿童，其生长所需的能量并无显著减少。
