Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Int Breastfeed J. 2021 Sep 26;16(1):73. doi: 10.1186/s13006-021-00420-1.
Optimal breastfeeding practices including early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) are associated with positive health outcomes. Socioeconomic inequalities in key breastfeeding indicators may play a role in the prevalence of breastfeeding practices. The objective of this study was to examine the socioeconomic inequalities in early initiation of breastfeeding and EBF practices in Bangladesh based on the 2018 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS).
This was a secondary data analysis of the nationally representative 2018 BDHS. Data on 4950 women of reproductive age who had ever given birth and 924 children aged 0-5 months were extracted, for early initiation of breastfeeding and EBF. Early initiation of breastfeeding was determined from children who were put to the breast within the first hour of birth. Exclusive breastfeeding was estimated from children aged 0-5 months who were exclusively breastfed.
The weighted prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding and EBF were 60.8% (95% CI; 59.0, 62.6%) and 66.8% (95% CI; 63.1, 70.3%), respectively. The estimated prevalence of early initiation among the poorest, poorer, middle, richer and richest households were 67.8, 66.3, 58.4, 56.3 and 54.4%, respectively. Similarly, early initiation prevalence of 64.4, 65.0, 61.1 and 52.3% were estimated among women with no formal education, primary, secondary and higher education, respectively. The estimated prevalence of EBF among the poorest, poorer, middle, richer and richest households were 63.0, 65.2, 67.7, 66.7 and 69.9%, respectively. Similarly, the estimated EBF prevalence were 62.5, 66.0, 66.3 and 68.9% among women with no formal education, primary, secondary and higher education, respectively. Early initiation of breastfeeding was higher among lower household wealth (Conc. Index = - 0.049; SE = 0.006) and lower educational attainment groups (Conc. Index = - 0.035; SE = 0.006).
Improving optimal breastfeeding practices in Bangladesh should be given utmost priority. A need to address the socioeconomic inequalities in breastfeeding practices was also identified.
包括尽早开始母乳喂养和纯母乳喂养（EBF）在内的最佳母乳喂养实践与积极的健康结果相关。关键母乳喂养指标的社会经济不平等可能在母乳喂养实践的流行中发挥作用。本研究的目的是根据 2018 年孟加拉国人口与健康调查（BDHS），检查孟加拉国早期母乳喂养和 EBF 实践中的社会经济不平等。
这是对全国代表性的 2018 年 BDHS 的二次数据分析。从曾生育过的 4950 名育龄妇女和 924 名 0-5 个月大的儿童中提取了有关早期开始母乳喂养和 EBF 的数据。早期开始母乳喂养是根据出生后第一个小时内开始哺乳的儿童来确定的。纯母乳喂养是根据 0-5 个月大的仅母乳喂养的儿童来估计的。
早期开始母乳喂养和 EBF 的加权流行率分别为 60.8%（95%CI；59.0，62.6%）和 66.8%（95%CI；63.1，70.3%）。最贫穷、较贫穷、中等、较富裕和最富裕家庭的早期启动率估计分别为 67.8%、66.3%、58.4%、56.3%和 54.4%。同样，在没有正规教育、小学、中学和高等教育的妇女中，早期启动率分别估计为 64.4%、65.0%、61.1%和 52.3%。最贫穷、较贫穷、中等、较富裕和最富裕家庭的 EBF 估计流行率分别为 63.0%、65.2%、67.7%、66.7%和 69.9%。同样，在没有正规教育、小学、中学和高等教育的妇女中，EBF 的估计流行率分别为 62.5%、66.0%、66.3%和 68.9%。早期开始母乳喂养的比例在家庭财富较低的人群（Conc. Index=-0.049；SE=0.006）和教育程度较低的人群中较高（Conc. Index=-0.035；SE=0.006）。
孟加拉国应高度优先重视改善最佳母乳喂养实践。还确定了需要解决母乳喂养实践中的社会经济不平等问题。
