Tasnim Tasmia, Islam Md Hafizul, Kurshed Ali Abbas Mohammad, Islam Saiful, Sultana Sadia, Karim Kazi Muhammad Rezaul
Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
BMJ Open. 2025 Mar 29;15(3):e093064. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093064.
This study aimed to assess the status of infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices and associated factors among children aged 0-23 months in the low-income regions of Dhaka City, Bangladesh.
A community-based cross-sectional study.
Low-income regions of Dhaka City, Bangladesh.
530 children aged 0-23 months and their mothers.
Prevailing IYCF practices were assessed against the 17 indicators of IYCF recommended by the WHO/UNICEF in 2021. Modified Poisson regression models were built to explore the relation between socio-demographic variables and each of the selected IYCF indicators (early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF), exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), minimum dietary diversity (MDD), minimum meal frequency (MMF) and minimum acceptable diet (MAD)).
More than two-thirds of the children were reported to follow appropriate breastfeeding practices (EIBF, 70.4% and EBF, 60.9%). Among the complementary feeding indicators, almost half of the children (48.8%) were reported to meet MMF; however, only about 26% of the children reportedly met the MDD with a consequent low prevalence (22.9%) of the composite indicator MAD. More than half (55%) of the children were reported to consume egg and/or flesh food consumption; still, inappropriate dietary practices were observed among 60% had unhealthy food consumption, and 56% had zero vegetable or fruit consumption). Child age was a significant determinant of IYCF practices. The children of mothers with no pregnancy complications exhibited a greater chance of having EIBF (estimate: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.42, p=0.02), MDD (Estimate: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.55, p=0.02), and MAD (estimate: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.77, p=0.03) compared with the children of mothers with pregnancy complications. The children with a mother having secondary or higher education had a higher chance of having MDD (estimate: 1.93, 95% CI: 1.35, 2.76, p=0.003) and MMF (estimate: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.56, p=0.02) than the children of mothers having primary or no education. Similarly, children from higher-income households had a higher chance of getting MDD (estimate: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.03, p=0.02), and MAD (estimate: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.14, 2.64, p=0.01) compared with children from lower-income households.
IYCF practices among a considerable proportion of children aged 0-23 months in the low-income regions of Dhaka City were found to be suboptimal and predicted by children's age, maternal education and pregnancy complications, and household income.
本研究旨在评估孟加拉国达卡市低收入地区0至23个月儿童的婴幼儿喂养（IYCF）情况及相关因素。
一项基于社区的横断面研究。
孟加拉国达卡市低收入地区。
530名0至23个月的儿童及其母亲。
根据世界卫生组织/联合国儿童基金会2021年推荐的17项IYCF指标评估当前的IYCF情况。建立修正泊松回归模型，以探讨社会人口学变量与每个选定的IYCF指标（早期开始母乳喂养（EIBF）、纯母乳喂养（EBF）、最低饮食多样性（MDD）、最低进餐频率（MMF）和最低可接受饮食（MAD））之间的关系。
据报告，超过三分之二的儿童遵循适当的母乳喂养做法（EIBF为70.4%，EBF为60.9%）。在辅食喂养指标中，据报告几乎一半的儿童（48.8%）达到了MMF；然而，据报告只有约26%的儿童达到了MDD，因此复合指标MAD的患病率较低（22.9%）。据报告，超过一半（55%）的儿童食用鸡蛋和/或肉类食品；尽管如此，仍有60%的儿童存在不健康的饮食行为，56%的儿童完全不食用蔬菜或水果。儿童年龄是IYCF情况的一个重要决定因素。与有妊娠并发症的母亲的孩子相比，没有妊娠并发症的母亲的孩子有更大的机会实现EIBF（估计值：1.21，95%置信区间：1.04，1.42，p = 0.02）、MDD（估计值：1.67，95%置信区间：1.09，2.55，p = 0.02）和MAD（估计值：1.70，95%置信区间：1.04，2.77，p = 0.03）。与母亲只有小学或未接受教育的孩子相比，母亲接受过中等或高等教育的孩子有更高的机会实现MDD（估计值：1.93，95%置信区间：1.35，2.76，p = 0.003）和MMF（估计值：1.27，95%置信区间：1.03，1.56，p = 0.02）。同样，与低收入家庭的孩子相比，高收入家庭的孩子有更高的机会实现MDD（估计值：1.57，95%置信区间：1.07，2.03，p = 0.02）和MAD（估计值：1.73，95%置信区间：1.14，2.64，p = 0.01）。
在达卡市低收入地区，相当比例的0至23个月儿童的IYCF情况不理想，且受儿童年龄、母亲教育程度、妊娠并发症和家庭收入的影响。
