Kjellgren K, Sellström H
Acta Chir Scand. 1977;143(7-8):473-7.
The effect of standardized prophylactic treatment with systemically administered cephalothin (Keflin) was studied in a series of 120 consecutive patients in whom elective colorectal surgery was planned. The patients were divided by random selection into one treatment group and one control group. The same mechanical cleansing with cathartics and tap water enemas was performed in both groups. The patients in the treatment group received intravenously 2 g cephalothin 2 hours prior to the operation, 2 g during the operation and then 2 g every 6th hour during 4 days. 14 cases were excluded for various reasons. In 19 cases only minor operations were performed, such as laparotomy with or without simultaneous colostomy. The overall frequency of infections was 17.5% in the treatment group and 53.1% in the control group. In the 87 cases undergoing major operations, infections were registered in 17.4% of the treated patients and 58.5% of the control patients. The difference is highly significant (p less than 0.001) in both cases. Escherichia coli was present in about 70% of the infections, often together with other aerobic or anaerobic organisms.
对120例计划进行择期结直肠手术的连续患者进行了研究，以探讨全身应用头孢噻吩（凯福林）标准化预防性治疗的效果。通过随机选择将患者分为一个治疗组和一个对照组。两组均采用泻药和自来水灌肠进行相同的机械肠道准备。治疗组患者在手术前2小时静脉注射2g头孢噻吩，术中注射2g，然后在4天内每6小时注射2g。14例因各种原因被排除。19例仅进行了小手术，如开腹手术，伴或不伴同期结肠造口术。治疗组感染总发生率为17.5%，对照组为53.1%。在87例接受大手术的患者中，治疗组患者感染发生率为17.4%，对照组患者为58.5%。两种情况下差异均具有高度显著性（p小于0.001）。约70%的感染中存在大肠杆菌，常与其他需氧或厌氧菌同时存在。
