Keuling Oliver, Strauß Egbert, Siebert Ursula
Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
Hunting Association of Lower Saxony, Landesjägerschaft Niedersachsen e.V., 30625 Hannover, Germany.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Sep 10;11(9):2658. doi: 10.3390/ani11092658.
High wild boar population densities lead to demands for a population reduction to avoid crop damages or epidemic diseases. Along with biological studies, a better understanding of the human influence on wildlife and on wildlife management is important. We conducted inquiries on hunting methods and on hunters' attitudes in the Federal State of Lower Saxony, Germany, to better understand hunting strategies and the influence on increasing wild boar population, as well as to underpin game management concepts. Single hunt, especially at bait, is still the most widely used method for hunting wild boar. The proportion of drive hunts within the hunting bag is increasing. The proportions of hunting methods vary regionally due to wild boar densities, geographical features (vegetation, terrain, etc.) and hunters' practices. Hunters increased the proportion of conjoint hunts on wild boar. Baiting remains an important hunting method in wild boar management and the proportion of drive hunts should be fostered. Private hunting is important for wild boar management, although it is just insufficient. Additionally, administrative wildlife managers are recommended for the near future as coordinators of wild boar management, and as such, could manage hunting, the incorporation of regional conditions and investigating hunters' attitudes and abilities.
野猪种群密度过高导致人们要求减少其数量，以避免庄稼受损或疫病传播。除了生物学研究，更好地了解人类对野生动物及其管理的影响也很重要。我们对德国下萨克森州的狩猎方法和猎人态度进行了调查，以更好地理解狩猎策略及其对野猪种群增长的影响，并为猎物管理理念提供支持。单人狩猎，尤其是诱饵狩猎，仍然是最广泛使用的野猪狩猎方法。围猎在狩猎收获中的比例正在增加。由于野猪密度、地理特征（植被、地形等）和猎人的做法，狩猎方法的比例存在地区差异。猎人增加了联合猎捕野猪的比例。诱饵狩猎在野猪管理中仍然是一种重要的狩猎方法，应提高围猎的比例。私人狩猎对野猪管理很重要，尽管其作用尚不充分。此外，建议在不久的将来设立行政野生动物管理人员，作为野猪管理的协调者，从而能够管理狩猎活动、考虑区域条件并调查猎人的态度和能力。
