Alexandrov T, Kamenov P, Stefanov D, Depner K
Animal Health and Welfare Directorate, Bulgarian Food Safety Agency, 15 A Pencho Slaveikov Blvd, 1606 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Rev Sci Tech. 2011 Dec;30(3):911-6. doi: 10.20506/rst.30.3.2085.
Between August and November 2009, eight cases of classical swine fever (CSF) occurred in young wild boar in a 25-km2 oak forest3 km south of the river Danube in the north-eastern part of Bulgaria. The wild boar population within the affected area was estimated to be 156 animals, or approximately six boar per km2. To control and eradicate the disease, and in addition to vaccination and hunting, trapping was used to reduce the boar population to below two animals per km2. In total, 124 wild boar were removed from the infected area within three months. Of these, 119 were trapped. In this paper, the authors present trapping as a successful tool to eradicate CSF from an area where hunting and vaccination alone might not be sufficient. Up to seven wild boar could be trapped in a single trap. Furthermore, the spread of CSF virus to the local domestic pig population and to wild boar in neighbouring areas was prevented. By decreasing the wild boar population to fewer than two animals per km2, it was assumed that the virus would no longer circulate and the disease would fade out. In fact, no further CSF cases were diagnosed afterwards. Under Bulgarian and similar conditions, trapping seems to be a more reliable method than hunting for reducing a wild boar population within a short period of time. Furthermore, trapping may be used alone or in combination with hunting, depending on the situation.
2009年8月至11月期间，保加利亚东北部多瑙河以南3公里处一片面积为25平方公里的橡树林中，8头幼年野猪感染了经典猪瘟（CSF）。据估计，受影响区域内的野猪数量为156头，即每平方公里约6头野猪。为了控制和根除这种疾病，除了疫苗接种和狩猎外，还采用诱捕的方式将野猪数量减少至每平方公里2头以下。在三个月内，总共从感染区域捕获了124头野猪，其中119头是诱捕的。在本文中，作者提出诱捕是在仅靠狩猎和疫苗接种可能不足以根除经典猪瘟的地区根除该疾病的一种成功手段。一个陷阱最多可捕获7头野猪。此外，还防止了经典猪瘟病毒传播到当地家猪群体以及邻近地区的野猪身上。通过将野猪数量减少至每平方公里少于2头，人们认为病毒将不再传播，疾病也将逐渐消失。事实上，此后未再诊断出经典猪瘟病例。在保加利亚及类似条件下，诱捕似乎是在短时间内减少野猪数量比狩猎更可靠的方法。此外，可根据具体情况单独使用诱捕或与狩猎相结合。
