Visintini Chiara, Palese Alvisa
Division of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Clinical University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
Department of Medical Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
Nurs Rep. 2023 Aug 15;13(3):1101-1125. doi: 10.3390/nursrep13030096.
Nursing-sensitive outcomes are those outcomes attributable to nursing care. To date three main reviews have summarized the evidence available regarding the nursing outcomes in onco-haematological care. Updating the existing reviews was the main intent of this study; specifically, the aim was to map the state of the art of the science in the field of oncology nursing-sensitive outcomes and to summarise outcomes and metrics documented as being influenced by nursing care. A scoping review was conducted in 2021. The MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were examined. Qualitative and quantitative primary and secondary studies concerning patients with solid/haematological malignancies, cared for in any setting, published in English, and from any time were all included. Both inductive and deductive approaches were used to analyse the data extracted from the studies. Sixty studies have been included, mostly primary ( = 57, 95.0%) with a quasi- or experimental approach ( = 26, 55.3%), conducted among Europe ( = 27, 45.0%), in hospitals and clinical wards ( = 29, 48.3%), and including from 8 to 4615 patients. In the inductive analysis, there emerged 151 outcomes grouped into 38 categories, with the top category being 'Satisfaction and perception of nursing care received' ( = 32, 21.2%). Outcome measurement systems included mainly self-report questionnaires ( = 89, 66.9%). In the deductive analysis, according to the Oncology Nursing Society 2004 classification, the 'Symptom control and management' domain was the most investigated ( = 44, 29.1%); however, the majority ( = 50, 33.1%) of nursing-sensitive outcomes that emerged were not includible in the available framework. Continuing to map nursing outcomes may be useful for clinicians, managers, educators, and researchers in establishing the endpoints of their practice. The ample number of instruments and metrics that emerged suggests the need for more development of homogeneous assessment systems allowing comparison across health issues, settings, and countries.
护理敏感结局是指可归因于护理的那些结局。迄今为止，已有三项主要综述总结了关于肿瘤血液学护理中护理结局的现有证据。更新现有综述是本研究的主要目的；具体而言，目标是梳理肿瘤护理敏感结局领域的科学现状，并总结记录显示受护理影响的结局和指标。2021年进行了一项范围综述。检索了MEDLINE、护理及相关健康累积索引、科学引文索引和Scopus数据库。纳入了所有关于实体/血液恶性肿瘤患者的定性和定量的原发性和继发性研究，这些研究在任何环境中进行，以英文发表，且时间不限。采用归纳法和演绎法分析从研究中提取的数据。共纳入60项研究，大多为原发性研究（n = 57，95.0%），采用准实验或实验方法（n = 26，55.3%），在欧洲开展（n = 27，45.0%），在医院和临床病房进行（n = 29，48.3%），纳入患者人数从8至4615名不等。在归纳分析中，出现了151个结局，分为38类，其中最主要的类别是“对所接受护理的满意度和认知”（n = 32，21.2%）。结局测量系统主要包括自我报告问卷（n = 89，66.9%）。在演绎分析中，根据肿瘤护理学会2004年的分类，“症状控制与管理”领域研究最多（n = 44，29.1%）；然而，出现的大多数护理敏感结局（n = 50，33.1%）无法纳入现有框架。继续梳理护理结局可能对临床医生、管理人员、教育工作者和研究人员确定其实践终点有用。出现的大量工具和指标表明，需要进一步开发同类评估系统，以便能够在不同健康问题、环境和国家之间进行比较。
