Department of Information Technology and Media Design, Nippon Institute of Technology, Miyashiro-machi, Saitama 345-0826, Japan.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Sep 12;21(18):6112. doi: 10.3390/s21186112.
Many accidents are caused by sudden changes in the physical conditions of professional drivers. Therefore, it is quite important that the driver monitoring system must not restrict or interfere with the driver's action. Applications that can measure a driver's heartbeat without restricting the driver's action are currently under development. In this review, examples of heartbeat-monitoring systems are discussed. In particular, methods for measuring the heartbeat through sensing devices of a wearable-type, such as wristwatch-type, ring-type, and shirt-type devices, as well as through devices of a nonwearable type, such as steering-type, seat-type, and other types of devices, are discussed. The emergence of wearable devices such as the Apple Watch is considered a turning point in the application of driver-monitoring systems. The problems associated with current smartwatch- and smartphone-based systems are discussed, as are the barriers to their practical use in vehicles. We conclude that, for the time being, detection methods using in-vehicle devices and in-vehicle cameras are expected to remain dominant, while devices that can detect health conditions and abnormalities simply by driving as usual are expected to emerge as future applications.
许多事故是由职业驾驶员的身体状况突然变化引起的。因此，驾驶员监控系统绝不能限制或干扰驾驶员的动作，这一点非常重要。目前正在开发能够在不限制驾驶员动作的情况下测量驾驶员心跳的应用程序。在本次综述中，讨论了心跳监测系统的示例。特别是，通过可穿戴式感应设备（如手表式、指环式和衬衫式设备）以及非穿戴式感应设备（如方向盘式、座椅式和其他类型的设备）来测量心跳的方法。Apple Watch 等可穿戴设备的出现被认为是驾驶员监控系统应用的一个转折点。讨论了当前基于智能手表和智能手机的系统所存在的问题，以及它们在车辆中实际应用的障碍。我们的结论是，在现阶段，预计使用车载设备和车载摄像头的检测方法仍将占据主导地位，而能够通过正常驾驶即可简单检测健康状况和异常的设备有望成为未来的应用。
