Hussain Mushahid, Hasnain Saqib, Khan Nadir Ali, Bano Shehar, Zuhra Fazeelat, Ali Muhammad, Khan Munawar, Abbas Naseem, Ali Ahsan
Department of Electronics, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan.
Department of Mechatronics Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila 47050, Pakistan.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Sep 7;13(18):3019. doi: 10.3390/polym13183019.
In this research article, an organic polymer based polypyrrole (Ppy) composite material has been synthesized and analyzed for the design and fabrication purposes of a fast-responsive, highly sensitive, and an economical resistive-type novel humidity detection sensor. This humidity sensor most suitably serves the purpose for industrial humidity (i.e., values ranging from low to high) detection applications. First, a polypyrrole composite material (a mixture of polypyrrole, polypyrrole-NiO, polypyrrole-CeO, and polypyrrole-NbO) has been synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization method, and then is treated at various temperatures, i.e., 100, 150 and 200 °C, respectively. After this treatment, the synthesized samples were then characterized by using FTIR, SEM, and DTA/TGA techniques for analyzing humidity sensing properties. The polypyrrole samples with the best morphological structure and properties were then incorporated on interdigitated electrodes. For the fabrication purposes of this thin film structure, at first a few drops of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were placed over interdigitated electrodes (IDE) and then the synthesized polypyrrole composite was uniformly deposited in the form of a thin film over it. The plots show that this is a good resistive-type humidity detection device for the relative humidity range of 30% to 90%. The response and recovery times of this newly fabricated humidity sensor were reported to be the same as 128 s at room temperature. Additionally, the stability and the repeatability response behavior of this Ppy sensor were verified up to five cycles of multiple repetitions. This presents an excellent stability and repeatability performance of the sensor. Furthermore, the capacitances versus humidity response and recovery properties of the designed sensor were studied too. This illustrates an excellent capacitive verses humidity response and shows a linear and an active behavior. Lastly, the experimental result proves that polypyrrole composite thin film shows a reasonable best performance up to a temperature of 100 °C.
在这篇研究文章中，已合成并分析了一种基于有机聚合物的聚吡咯（Ppy）复合材料，用于设计和制造一种快速响应、高灵敏度且经济的电阻型新型湿度检测传感器。这种湿度传感器非常适合用于工业湿度（即从低到高的值）检测应用。首先，通过化学氧化聚合法合成了一种聚吡咯复合材料（聚吡咯、聚吡咯 - NiO、聚吡咯 - CeO和聚吡咯 - NbO的混合物），然后分别在100、150和200°C的不同温度下进行处理。经过此处理后，使用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和差示热分析/热重分析（DTA/TGA）技术对合成的样品进行表征，以分析其湿度传感特性。然后将具有最佳形态结构和性能的聚吡咯样品置于叉指电极上。为了制造这种薄膜结构，首先在叉指电极（IDE）上滴几滴聚乙烯醇（PVA），然后将合成的聚吡咯复合材料以薄膜形式均匀沉积在其上。图表显示，对于30%至90%的相对湿度范围，这是一种良好的电阻型湿度检测装置。据报道，这种新制造的湿度传感器在室温下的响应和恢复时间均为128秒。此外，该聚吡咯传感器的稳定性和重复性响应行为在多次重复的五个循环中得到了验证。这表明该传感器具有出色的稳定性和重复性性能。此外，还研究了所设计传感器的电容与湿度的响应和恢复特性。这说明了出色的电容与湿度响应，并显示出线性和活跃行为。最后，实验结果证明聚吡咯复合薄膜在高达100°C的温度下表现出合理的最佳性能。
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