Examining the Relationship between and Seropositivity and Serointensity and Depression in Adults from the United Kingdom and the United States: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Infecting approximately one-third of the world's population, the neurotropic protozoan has been associated with cognition and several neuropsychiatric diseases including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Findings have been mixed, however, about the relationship between and depression, with some studies reporting positive associations and others finding no associations. To further investigate the association between and depression, we used data from the UK Biobank and the National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES). Results from adjusted multiple-regression modeling showed no significant associations between and depression in either the UK Biobank or NHANES datasets. Further, we found no significant interactions between and age, sex, educational attainment, and income in either dataset that affected the association between and depression. These results from two community-based datasets suggest that in these samples, is not associated with depression. Differences between our findings and other findings showing an association between and depression could be due to several factors including differences in socioeconomic variables, differences in strain, and use of different covariates in statistical modeling.