Rathogwa Ntungufhadzeni M, Scott Katherine A, Opperman Pamela, Theron Jacques, Maree Francois F
Vaccines and Diagnostic Development, Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa.
Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Sep 7;9(9):996. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9090996.
The effective control of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) relies strongly on the separation of susceptible and infected livestock or susceptible livestock and persistently infected wildlife, vaccination, and veterinary sanitary measures. Vaccines affording protection against multiple serotypes for longer than six months and that are less reliant on the cold chain during handling are urgently needed for the effective control of FMD in endemic regions. Although much effort has been devoted to improving the immune responses elicited through the use of modern adjuvants, their efficacy is dependent on the formulation recipe, target species and administration route. Here we compared and evaluated the efficacy of two adjuvant formulations in combination with a structurally stabilized SAT2 vaccine antigen, designed to have improved thermostability, antigen shelf-life and longevity of antibody response. Protection mediated by the Montanide ISA 206B-adjuvanted or Quil-A Saponin-adjuvanted SAT2 vaccines were comparable. The Montanide ISA 206B-adjuvanted vaccine elicited a higher SAT2 neutralizing antibody response and three times higher levels of systemic IFN-γ responses at 14- and 28-days post-vaccination (dpv) were observed compared to the Quil-A Saponin-adjuvanted vaccine group. Interestingly, serum antibodies from the immunized animals reacted similarly to the parental vaccine virus and viruses containing mutations in the VP2 protein that simulate antigenic drift in nature.
口蹄疫（FMD）的有效控制在很大程度上依赖于将易感牲畜与感染牲畜或易感牲畜与持续感染的野生动物隔离开来、疫苗接种以及兽医卫生措施。为有效控制地方流行区的口蹄疫，迫切需要能提供针对多种血清型长达六个月以上保护且在处理过程中对冷链依赖较小的疫苗。尽管人们已付出诸多努力来改善通过使用现代佐剂引发的免疫反应，但其功效取决于配方、目标物种和给药途径。在此，我们比较并评估了两种佐剂配方与一种结构稳定的SAT2疫苗抗原联合使用时的功效，该抗原旨在提高热稳定性、抗原保质期和抗体反应的持久性。由Montanide ISA 206B佐剂或Quil - A皂苷佐剂的SAT2疫苗介导的保护作用相当。与Quil - A皂苷佐剂疫苗组相比，Montanide ISA 206B佐剂疫苗在接种后14天和28天引发了更高的SAT2中和抗体反应，且全身IFN -γ反应水平高出三倍。有趣的是，免疫动物的血清抗体对亲本疫苗病毒和在VP2蛋白中含有模拟自然抗原漂移突变的病毒反应相似。
