Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Clin Chem. 2021 Nov 26;67(12):1650-1659. doi: 10.1093/clinchem/hvab182.
Recent studies suggest that associations of ceramides (Cer) and sphingomyelins (SM) with health outcomes differ according to the fatty acid acylated to the sphingoid backbone. The purpose of this study was to assess associations of Cer and SM species with mortality.
The study population included participants from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), a community-based cohort of adults aged ≥65 years who were followed from 1992-2015 (n = 4612). Associations of plasma Cer and SM species carrying long-chain (i.e., 16:0) and very-long-chain (i.e., 20:0, 22:0, 24:0) saturated fatty acids with mortality were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models.
During a median follow-up of 10.2 years, 4099 deaths occurred. High concentrations of Cer and SM carrying fatty acid 16:0 were each associated with an increased risk of mortality. Conversely, high concentrations of several ceramide and sphingomyelin species carrying longer fatty acids were each associated with a decreased risk of mortality. The hazard ratios for total mortality per 2-fold difference in each Cer and SM species were: 1.89 (95% CI), 1.65-2.17 for Cer-16, 0.79 (95% CI, 0.70-0.88) for Cer-22, 0.74 (95% CI, 0.65-0.84) for Cer-24, 2.51 (95% CI, 2.01-3.14) for SM-16, 0.68 (95% CI, 0.58-0.79) for SM-20, 0.57 (95% CI, 0.49-0.67) for SM-22, and 0.66 (0.57-0.75) for SM-24. We found no association of Cer-20 with risk of death.
Associations of Cer and SM with the risk of death differ according to the length of their acylated saturated fatty acid. Future studies are needed to explore mechanisms underlying these relationships.
最近的研究表明，神经酰胺（Cer）和神经鞘磷脂（SM）与健康结果的关联因酰化到神经鞘氨醇骨架的脂肪酸而异。本研究的目的是评估 Cer 和 SM 物种与死亡率的关联。
研究人群包括来自心血管健康研究（CHS）的参与者，这是一个基于社区的 65 岁以上成年人队列，他们从 1992 年至 2015 年进行了随访（n=4612）。使用 Cox 比例风险模型评估携带长链（即 16:0）和超长链（即 20:0、22:0、24:0）饱和脂肪酸的血浆 Cer 和 SM 物种与死亡率的关联。
在中位随访 10.2 年期间，发生了 4099 例死亡。高浓度的携带脂肪酸 16:0 的 Cer 和 SM 均与死亡率升高相关。相反，携带较长脂肪酸的几种神经酰胺和神经鞘磷脂的高浓度与死亡率降低相关。每种 Cer 和 SM 物种总死亡率每增加 2 倍的风险比为：1.89（95%CI），1.65-2.17 为 Cer-16，0.79（95%CI），0.70-0.88 为 Cer-22，0.74（95%CI），0.65-0.84 为 Cer-24，2.51（95%CI），2.01-3.14 为 SM-16，0.68（95%CI），0.58-0.79 为 SM-20，0.57（95%CI），0.49-0.67 为 SM-22，0.66（0.57-0.75）为 SM-24。我们没有发现 Cer-20 与死亡风险的关联。
Cer 和 SM 与死亡风险的关联因酰化饱和脂肪酸的长度而异。需要进一步研究来探讨这些关系的潜在机制。
