Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon.
Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2021 Sep 27;22(11):102. doi: 10.1007/s11864-021-00898-1.
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a heterogeneous solid tumor of the pediatric population that originates from neural crest cells and affects the developing sympathetic nervous system. It is the most common neuroblastic tumor accounting for approximately 10% of all childhood cancers and 10-15% of pediatric tumor mortalities. The outcomes range from spontaneous tumor regression in low-risk groups to metastasis and death even after multimodal therapy in high-risk groups. Hence, the detection of NB at an early stage improves outcomes and provides a better prognosis for patients. Early detection and prognosis of NB depend on specific molecules termed biomarkers which can be tissue-specific or circulating. Certain biomarkers are employed in the classification of NB into different groups to improve the treatment and prognosis, and others can be used as therapeutic targets. Therefore, novel biomarker discovery is essential for the early detection of NB, predicting the course of the disease, and developing new targeted treatment strategies. In this review, we aim to summarize the literature pertinent to some important biomarkers of NB and discuss the prognostic role of these biomarkers as well as their potential role in targeted therapy.
神经母细胞瘤（NB）是一种起源于神经嵴细胞并影响发育中的交感神经系统的小儿人群中的异质性实体肿瘤。它是最常见的神经母细胞瘤，约占所有儿童癌症的 10%，占小儿肿瘤死亡人数的 10-15%。其结果范围从低危组的自发性肿瘤消退到高危组即使经过多模式治疗后仍发生转移和死亡。因此，早期发现 NB 可改善预后并为患者提供更好的预后。NB 的早期检测和预后取决于特定的分子，称为生物标志物，这些标志物可以是组织特异性的或循环性的。某些生物标志物用于将 NB 分为不同的组，以改善治疗和预后，而其他生物标志物可用作治疗靶点。因此，新型生物标志物的发现对于 NB 的早期检测、预测疾病过程以及开发新的靶向治疗策略至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们旨在总结与 NB 的一些重要生物标志物相关的文献，并讨论这些生物标志物的预后作用及其在靶向治疗中的潜在作用。
