Li Shuo, Li Cang-Hai, Jiang Ting-Liang
Research Center of Artemisinin, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2021 Sep;46(18):4849-4864. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20210610.703.
As a unicellular organism, Plasmodium displays a panoply of lipid metabolism pathways that are seldom found together in a unicellular organism. These pathways mostly involve the Plasmodium-encoded enzymatic machinery and meet the requirements of membrane synthesis during the rapid cell growth and division throughout the life cycle. Different lipids have varied synthesis and meta-bolism pathways. For example, the major phospholipids are synthesized via CDP-diacylglycerol-dependent pathway in prokaryotes and de novo pathway in eukaryotes, and fatty acids are synthesized mainly via type Ⅱ fatty acid synthesis pathway. The available studies have demonstrated the impacts of artemisinin and its derivatives, the front-line compounds against malaria, on the lipid metabolism of Plasmodium. Therefore, this article reviewed the known lipid metabolism pathways and the effects of artemisinin and its derivatives on these pathways, aiming to deepen the understanding of lipid synthesis and metabolism in Plasmodium and provide a theoretical basis for the research on the mechanisms and drug resistance of artemisinin and other anti-malarial drugs.
作为一种单细胞生物，疟原虫展现出一系列脂质代谢途径，这些途径在单细胞生物中很少同时出现。这些途径大多涉及疟原虫编码的酶机制，并满足其在整个生命周期中快速细胞生长和分裂期间膜合成的需求。不同的脂质具有不同的合成和代谢途径。例如，主要的磷脂在原核生物中通过CDP - 二酰甘油依赖性途径合成，在真核生物中通过从头合成途径合成，脂肪酸主要通过Ⅱ型脂肪酸合成途径合成。现有研究已经证明了青蒿素及其衍生物（抗疟一线化合物）对疟原虫脂质代谢的影响。因此，本文综述了已知的脂质代谢途径以及青蒿素及其衍生物对这些途径的影响，旨在加深对疟原虫脂质合成和代谢的理解，并为青蒿素及其他抗疟药物的作用机制和耐药性研究提供理论依据。
